Desenvolvimento e avaliação ergonômica de um motocoveador hidráulico para plantio de espécies florestais

• Autor(a) principal: Hermsdorff, Wevergton Lopes
• Data de Publicação: 2010
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/3625
• topic: Mecanização florestal; Projeto de máquinas; Plantio; Ergonomia; Forest mechanization; Machine design; Planting; Ergonomics; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ENGENHARIA AGRICOLA::MAQUINAS E IMPLEMENTOS AGRICOLAS

Eucalyptus has a significant importance for agribusiness forestry Brazil, in relation to GDP (gross domestic product) it participates with about 4%. Among the sectors that require more wood stand out furniture industry and paper and pulp industries experiencing changes in its production base due to legal requirements and marketing. For these reasons, the forest companies have been increasing their interest in gaining certifications that endorse on your requirements related to cultural practices and / or safety and health as FSC (Forest Stewardship Council) 18000 and OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration). Thus, they increase their investments in ergonomics guaranteeing market share, adding value to their products, reducing costs and absenteeism and industrial diseases consequent increase in productivity. In view ergonomic, preservation health worker, allied to technological mechanization, can produce significant increases in production. Thus, the objective is to this work is to develop a hydraulic motocoveador for planting forest species, which meets safety standards in Brazil work and meets the ergonomic conditions, to preserve the health, improved comfort, safety, welfare and increased efficiency of workers. The development of the prototype motocoveador hydraulics was conducted in two stages: the first an appraisal of the main parameters for defining requirements that it must meet, and the second was with the assessment ergonomic operation with the final version of the prototype, conducted in four different slopes of soil. For the evaluation of the prototype was used an area belonging to the Universidade Federal de Viçosa - UFV, located in the city of Viçosa, MG, determining soil moisture between 18.7 and 20.9%. The prototype has 15 kg (with the auger drilling) and its dimensions were determined by means of percentiles (95%) of anthropometric measurements of a sample of operators responsible by pitting for eucalyptus plantation. The evaluation of physical load of work was performed by cardiac monitoring for determination of cardiac load, and the operation of the machine considered mild by this methodology. Biomechanical analysis was performed by simulating the posture and its operation weight of the machine through the software 3DSSPP University of Michigan, having shown that in only one posture the maximum compression in L4/L5 intervertebral disc was exceeded. Noise levels were evaluated using a digital decibel meter positioned near the channel hearing of the operator, indicating average values of noise around 76 dB (A) below the ceiling for a day of eight hours daily work. The collection of vibration levels were performed using a digital accelerometer and compared with the European norm (maximum of 5 m s-2 for 8 hours of work). However, the measured values were between 6.6 and 7.8 m s-2, ie, above the expected. The operational capability effective (Ce) was determined by the timing of completion of each hole in each of the slopes, the Times treated by methodology proposed by Barnes (1977) for determining the mean and thus calculate the Ce, being found from 0.0919 to 0.1093 ha h-1, depending the slope of the ground. Based on these results, the machine developed was efficient for all inclinations analyzed may be a viable alternative to the forestry companies.