Bagging tomato fruits: a viable and economical method of preventing diseases and insect damage in organic production
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2014 |
Outros Autores: | , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV |
Texto Completo: | https://doi.org/10.1653/024.097.0106 http://www.locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/23932 |
Resumo: | Tomato borers, especially Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), a pest introduced in southern Europe, northern Africa and the Middle East, and diseases can damage tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) fruit. This study tested the economic and technical feasibility of bagging tomato fruits clusters during organic production to protect them against insects and diseases. The experiment was randomized complete block (5 blocks) and 5 treatments: bagging with organza fabric, tissue non-tissue (TNT) covering, a micro-perforated plastic, brown paper bags and no bagging (control). Four clusters were bagged/ plant at flowering, and evaluated for flower abortion, the total number of fruits set and the number of fruits damaged by insects or diseases during the sampling period. At harvest we evaluated fresh weight, size and color of the fruits and we determined their Brix degrees postharvest. Bagging of fruit with either organza fabric or TNT reduced insect borer damage by 99.7% and disease damage by 84.7%. Bagging fruit did not affect flower abortion, skin color and fruit fresh weight (average of 91.87g), but bagging either with organza or TNT delayed the harvest period by 3 days. About 350% more large fruits were produced either with TNT or organza fabric bags than in the non-bagged control. This difference represents about 30 tonnes/ha, which at an average price for organic tomatoes of US $5.15/kg, resulted in a net return of US $113,161/ha. Bagging of tomato fruit clusters with TNT or organza fabric may be an excellent option to reduce damage by insect borers and diseases for a significant economic gain. Additionally, these 2 bagging materials did not negatively affect the major qualitative and quantitative characteristics of tomato fruit. |
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Zanuncio, José ColaLeite, Germano Leão DemolinFialho, AmandaReis Júnior, RonaldoCosta, Cândido Alves Da2019-03-14T16:30:31Z2019-03-14T16:30:31Z2014-0319385102https://doi.org/10.1653/024.097.0106http://www.locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/23932Tomato borers, especially Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), a pest introduced in southern Europe, northern Africa and the Middle East, and diseases can damage tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) fruit. This study tested the economic and technical feasibility of bagging tomato fruits clusters during organic production to protect them against insects and diseases. The experiment was randomized complete block (5 blocks) and 5 treatments: bagging with organza fabric, tissue non-tissue (TNT) covering, a micro-perforated plastic, brown paper bags and no bagging (control). Four clusters were bagged/ plant at flowering, and evaluated for flower abortion, the total number of fruits set and the number of fruits damaged by insects or diseases during the sampling period. At harvest we evaluated fresh weight, size and color of the fruits and we determined their Brix degrees postharvest. Bagging of fruit with either organza fabric or TNT reduced insect borer damage by 99.7% and disease damage by 84.7%. Bagging fruit did not affect flower abortion, skin color and fruit fresh weight (average of 91.87g), but bagging either with organza or TNT delayed the harvest period by 3 days. About 350% more large fruits were produced either with TNT or organza fabric bags than in the non-bagged control. This difference represents about 30 tonnes/ha, which at an average price for organic tomatoes of US $5.15/kg, resulted in a net return of US $113,161/ha. Bagging of tomato fruit clusters with TNT or organza fabric may be an excellent option to reduce damage by insect borers and diseases for a significant economic gain. Additionally, these 2 bagging materials did not negatively affect the major qualitative and quantitative characteristics of tomato fruit.Barrenadores del tomate, en especial Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), una plaga introducida en el sur de Europa, norte de África y Oriente Medio, y las enfermedades pueden dañar frutos del Solanum lycopersicum. Este estudio probó la viabilidad económica y técnica de embolsado de frutos de tomate en cultivo orgánico para protegerlos de insectos y enfermedades. El experimento utilizó cinco bloques completos al azar y cinco tratamientos: embolsado con la tela de organza, no tejido que cubre el tejido (TNT), plástica microperforada, bolsas de papel marrón y no embolsado (controle). Cuatro racimos de frutos fueron embolsados o planta en floración, y se realizó una evaluación de aborto de flores, el número total de frutos producidos y número de frutos dañados por insectos o enfermedades durante el periodo de muestreo. La producción de tomates se evaluó mediante la medición de peso fresco, tamaño, color de la piel y Brix de frutas durante la cosecha. Embolsado de frutos con tela de organza o TNT redujo el daño del insecto barrenador de 99.70% y el daño por la enfermedad 84.73%. Frutos embolsados no afectaron el aborto de las flores, color de la piel y el peso de la fruta fresca (91.87g), pero organza o TNT ensacado retrasaron el período de cosecha por tres días. La producción de frutos más grandes fue de aproximadamente 350% mayor con TNT o bolsas de tela de organza en comparación con el control, o alrededor de 30 toneladas / ha con a un precio medio (tomate orgánico) de US $5.15/kg con un rendimiento neto de US $113,161.41 por hectárea. Embolsado de los racimos de frutos de tomate con TNT o tela de organza es una excelente opción para reducir los daños causados por los barrenadores de insectos y enfermedades con el beneficio económico significativo y no afectó negativamente a las principales características cualitativas y cuantitativas de los tomates.engFlorida EntomologistVolume 97, Number 01, Pages 50- 60, March 2014Alternaria solaniErwinia spp.Solanum lycopersicumTuta absolutaAlternaria solaniErwinia spp.Solanum lycopersicumTuta absolutaBagging tomato fruits: a viable and economical method of preventing diseases and insect damage in organic productioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFVinstname:Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV)instacron:UFVORIGINALartigo.pdfartigo.pdftexto completoapplication/pdf336168https://locus.ufv.br//bitstream/123456789/23932/1/artigo.pdf745bf882b4bbf14592e185cddbc570c3MD51LICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-81748https://locus.ufv.br//bitstream/123456789/23932/2/license.txt8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33MD52123456789/239322019-03-14 13:33:40.942oai:locus.ufv.br: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Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttps://www.locus.ufv.br/oai/requestfabiojreis@ufv.bropendoar:21452019-03-14T16:33:40LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV - Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV)false |
dc.title.en.fl_str_mv |
Bagging tomato fruits: a viable and economical method of preventing diseases and insect damage in organic production |
title |
Bagging tomato fruits: a viable and economical method of preventing diseases and insect damage in organic production |
spellingShingle |
Bagging tomato fruits: a viable and economical method of preventing diseases and insect damage in organic production Zanuncio, José Cola Alternaria solani Erwinia spp. Solanum lycopersicum Tuta absoluta Alternaria solani Erwinia spp. Solanum lycopersicum Tuta absoluta |
title_short |
Bagging tomato fruits: a viable and economical method of preventing diseases and insect damage in organic production |
title_full |
Bagging tomato fruits: a viable and economical method of preventing diseases and insect damage in organic production |
title_fullStr |
Bagging tomato fruits: a viable and economical method of preventing diseases and insect damage in organic production |
title_full_unstemmed |
Bagging tomato fruits: a viable and economical method of preventing diseases and insect damage in organic production |
title_sort |
Bagging tomato fruits: a viable and economical method of preventing diseases and insect damage in organic production |
author |
Zanuncio, José Cola |
author_facet |
Zanuncio, José Cola Leite, Germano Leão Demolin Fialho, Amanda Reis Júnior, Ronaldo Costa, Cândido Alves Da |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Leite, Germano Leão Demolin Fialho, Amanda Reis Júnior, Ronaldo Costa, Cândido Alves Da |
author2_role |
author author author author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Zanuncio, José Cola Leite, Germano Leão Demolin Fialho, Amanda Reis Júnior, Ronaldo Costa, Cândido Alves Da |
dc.subject.pt-BR.fl_str_mv |
Alternaria solani Erwinia spp. Solanum lycopersicum Tuta absoluta Alternaria solani Erwinia spp. Solanum lycopersicum Tuta absoluta |
topic |
Alternaria solani Erwinia spp. Solanum lycopersicum Tuta absoluta Alternaria solani Erwinia spp. Solanum lycopersicum Tuta absoluta |
description |
Tomato borers, especially Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), a pest introduced in southern Europe, northern Africa and the Middle East, and diseases can damage tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) fruit. This study tested the economic and technical feasibility of bagging tomato fruits clusters during organic production to protect them against insects and diseases. The experiment was randomized complete block (5 blocks) and 5 treatments: bagging with organza fabric, tissue non-tissue (TNT) covering, a micro-perforated plastic, brown paper bags and no bagging (control). Four clusters were bagged/ plant at flowering, and evaluated for flower abortion, the total number of fruits set and the number of fruits damaged by insects or diseases during the sampling period. At harvest we evaluated fresh weight, size and color of the fruits and we determined their Brix degrees postharvest. Bagging of fruit with either organza fabric or TNT reduced insect borer damage by 99.7% and disease damage by 84.7%. Bagging fruit did not affect flower abortion, skin color and fruit fresh weight (average of 91.87g), but bagging either with organza or TNT delayed the harvest period by 3 days. About 350% more large fruits were produced either with TNT or organza fabric bags than in the non-bagged control. This difference represents about 30 tonnes/ha, which at an average price for organic tomatoes of US $5.15/kg, resulted in a net return of US $113,161/ha. Bagging of tomato fruit clusters with TNT or organza fabric may be an excellent option to reduce damage by insect borers and diseases for a significant economic gain. Additionally, these 2 bagging materials did not negatively affect the major qualitative and quantitative characteristics of tomato fruit. |
publishDate |
2014 |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2014-03 |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2019-03-14T16:30:31Z |
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv |
2019-03-14T16:30:31Z |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
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publishedVersion |
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https://doi.org/10.1653/024.097.0106 http://www.locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/23932 |
dc.identifier.issn.none.fl_str_mv |
19385102 |
identifier_str_mv |
19385102 |
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https://doi.org/10.1653/024.097.0106 http://www.locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/23932 |
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eng |
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eng |
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Volume 97, Number 01, Pages 50- 60, March 2014 |
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openAccess |
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Florida Entomologist |
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Florida Entomologist |
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