Caracterização botânica, fitoquímica e avaliação da atividade biológica de extratos de Piptadenia gonoacantha (Mart.) J.F. Macbr (FABACEAE)

• Autor(a) principal: Carvalho, Camilo Amaro de
• Data de Publicação: 2012
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/283
• topic: Morfo-anatomia; Piptadenia gonoacantha; Analgésico; Inflamação; Morphoanatomy; Piptadenia gonoacantha; Analgesic; Inflammation; CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::BIOLOGIA GERAL

This study aimed to evaluate the aspects pharmacobotanical phytochemicals, antibacterialand anti-inflammatory Piptadenia gonoacantha. First, there was a description pharmacobotany, observing some macroscopic features and microscopic characteristics ofthe stem and leaves. Subsequently, a standardized extract of the leaves of P. gonoacantha and its phytochemical characterization were performed, where the mainvariables were: extraction method (maceration and ultrasonic bath), solvent (water, alcohol and water mixtures), extraction temperature (30, 40 and 50°C) and influence pH (2 to 12) on the extinction coefficient (absorbance) thereof. Inaddition, we performed a phytochemical screening and quantification of total polyphenols in the sample. Among thebiological testing was performed to evaluate the antibacterial activity in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory. The first analysis of the biological activity was performed by adapting the diffusion method on solid media with perforation of agar against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The evaluation of the in vivo anti-inflammatory activity was performed in Wistar rats by means of tests of paw edema, writhing and hot plate test. The extracts were prepared in doses of 50, 100 and 150 mg.kg-1. The characterization pharmacobotany supplied materials for their correct identification, aiding future work. The chemical evaluation identified the most effective way to promote the extraction of its constituents should be performed with ultrasound at 40°C using ethanol 80% (v/v). The pH, promoted structural modification (deprotonation/ protonation) of chemical constituents in extracts with pH values above 8. Furthermore, quantification of total phenols indicated that a large proportion of extracts comprises compounds included in this class, confirmed by phytochemical which could be evidenced the presence of flavonoids, tannins, coumarins and anthraquinones. The extract of this species showed antibacterial activity, especially with ethanol 80% (v/v) and efficient capacity to inhibit the growth of bacteria S. aureus. The crude extract also possesses anti-inflammatory activity, especially at a dose of 100 mg.kg-1, and sometimes superior to antiinflammatory drug indomethacin. The data suggest that the species P. gonoacantha has promising compounds as a source for obtaining new drugs to combat resistant organisms, or can reduce the inflammatory response.