Qualidade de sementes de soja resfriadas artificialmente e armazenadas

• Autor(a) principal: Zuchi, Jacson
• Data de Publicação: 2011
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/1151
• topic: Armazenamento; Esfriamento; Temperatura; Storage; Cooling; Temperature; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::FITOTECNIA

Production of high quality seeds requires a well established and a well conducted internal program of quality control. Due to the unfavorable temperature and humidity conditions prevailing in some Brazilian regions during the seed storage period, the soybean seeds require special care to avoid the loss of their quality. To overcome this problem, some seed producers are artificially cooling the seeds prior to storage. The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of soybean seeds artificially cooled and stored. The experiment was settled at Sementes Campo Verde seed company located at Campo Verde city, state of Mato Grosso, Brazil, latitude of 15 ° 32 '48''S, longitude of 55 ° 10' 08''W and altitude of 736 meters, with seeds of soybean cultivars Monsoy 8757, TMG 115 RR and BRS Valiosa RR. Two lots of each cultivar, one of cooled seeds and the other of non-cooled seeds were used. Each seed lot (pile) had 360 bags of 40 kg, measuring 17 x 40 x 70 cm, with 30 layers of 12 bags. The seed cooling was done by a dynamic process, with a CoolSeed cooler, model 80 PCS, with four cooler circuits, totaling 130 kW of power, soon after the seeds passed through its classification processes. The experiment began in April 2009 and in each seed pile nine seed bags were used as experimental units for seed quality analysis, totaling 54 experimental units. The nine bags were distributed at three positions, basal, middle and top, with three bags in each position separated by six layers of bags. The seeds were collected at three storage periods (zero, 60 and 120 days), collecting 1.5 kg of sample per bag. Germination, accelerated aging, emergence on sand bed, emergence speed rate, electrical conductivity, tetrazolium and sanitary tests were performed. It was concluded that: The temperatures of soybean seed lots artificially cooled or not, at the 15th day of storage, reach similar temperature and acquire thermal equilibrium with the temperature of the storage facility. The artificial cooling process favored the maintenance of the quality of seeds of Monsoy 8757 and TMG 115 RR, but not of BRS Valiosa RR. The artificial refrigeration may favor the maintenance of soybean seed quality, alters fungi incidence during the storage period, but may not be justifiable for seeds of cultivars of high performance seeds. The artificial cooling of the seeds should be better studied.