Discriminação isotópica do 13C e nutrição com cálcio e boro em clones de eucalipto submetidos ao défice hídrico

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Barros Filho, Nairam Félix de
Data de Publicação: 2014
Tipo de documento: Tese
Idioma: por
Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/1669
Resumo: The expansion of eucalyptus plantations in Brazil have occurred mainly to areas of savanna, where soils have low fertility and climate is characterized by long dry seasons. The main symptoms observed are usually tip die back, as a result of B deficiency, followed by sprouting and/or desiccation of leaves from the base to the top of the trees, impairing growth and survival. The use of drought tolerant clones and mineral fertilizers has been the strategy used by forest companies as an attempt to minimize the risk of losses and to increase forest productivity. The selection of genotypes is a slow process and often does not define the mechanisms responsible for tolerance to drought. The 13C isotope discrimination ( ) and its relation to the survival and growth of plants have been suggested as an alternative method to select drought tolerant genotypes. Recent studies have shown the importance of B and Ca in tolerance to different types of stress, including water. Explanations of the function of these two nutrients in water stress tolerance and the development of methods that allow faster and safer selection of eucalypt genetic material to water requirement are needed. Thus, this study aimed to verify the influence of Ca and B tolerance of eucalypt clones to water stress, from the physiological parameters, along with the nutritional efficiency and growth and to establish relations between 13C, survival and growth of eucalyptus clones and rainfall in the northern region of Minas Gerais State, Brazil, to identify genotypes well adapted to conditions of low water availability. In the countryside, trees of 6 clones (i144, i224, i063, i182, 2486 and 3216) were measured and samples of leaves and bole wood collected for the determination of 13 C isotope discrimination ( ). Tree diameter and height were measured annually from the fifth year as well as the percentage of affected trees (PAA) by water stress. The results showed a positive correlation between growth and rainfall and between and growth, except for one of the clones. Despite the existence of a negative correlation between and PAA, the use of to select eucalypt for drought tolerance needs a better understanding. In the greenhouse two clones, a susceptible (i042) and a tolerant (i144) to water restriction were cultivated in a modified Clark solution during 14 days. After this period, the seedlings were subjected to the presence or absence of Ca and or B during 14 days. After the 30th day, gradual water restriction was imposed with PEG 6000, in 50 % of plants, reducing the water potential sequentially to -0.16, -0.65 and -1.00 MPa, in intervals of seven days. At the time of application of PEG, dry matter and gas exchange of the plants were determined. Differences were observed between the two clones in the total gas exchange and dry matter, and these differences were dependent on water stress and Ca and B nutrition. In the susceptible clone, B was more important in the mitigation of water stress while in the tolerant clone Ca was relatively more important than B, which may be linked to the function of Ca in the activity of the oxidative stress enzymes.
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spelling Barros Filho, Nairam Félix dehttp://lattes.cnpq.br/3170935435916857Silva, Ivo Ribeiro dahttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4799432D0Neves, Júlio César Limahttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4783076D4Vergütz, Leonardushttp://lattes.cnpq.br/1282294478259902Araujo, Wagner Luizhttp://lattes.cnpq.br/8790852022120851Rocha, Genelício Crusoéhttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4796777Y92015-03-26T12:52:58Z2015-03-062015-03-26T12:52:58Z2014-03-28BARROS FILHO, Nairam Félix de. Isotopic discrimination of 13C and calcium and boron nutrition of eucalypt clones under water deficit. 2014. 73 f. Tese (Doutorado em Fertilidade do solo e nutrição de plantas; Gênese, Morfologia e Classificação, Mineralogia, Química,) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, 2014.http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/1669The expansion of eucalyptus plantations in Brazil have occurred mainly to areas of savanna, where soils have low fertility and climate is characterized by long dry seasons. The main symptoms observed are usually tip die back, as a result of B deficiency, followed by sprouting and/or desiccation of leaves from the base to the top of the trees, impairing growth and survival. The use of drought tolerant clones and mineral fertilizers has been the strategy used by forest companies as an attempt to minimize the risk of losses and to increase forest productivity. The selection of genotypes is a slow process and often does not define the mechanisms responsible for tolerance to drought. The 13C isotope discrimination ( ) and its relation to the survival and growth of plants have been suggested as an alternative method to select drought tolerant genotypes. Recent studies have shown the importance of B and Ca in tolerance to different types of stress, including water. Explanations of the function of these two nutrients in water stress tolerance and the development of methods that allow faster and safer selection of eucalypt genetic material to water requirement are needed. Thus, this study aimed to verify the influence of Ca and B tolerance of eucalypt clones to water stress, from the physiological parameters, along with the nutritional efficiency and growth and to establish relations between 13C, survival and growth of eucalyptus clones and rainfall in the northern region of Minas Gerais State, Brazil, to identify genotypes well adapted to conditions of low water availability. In the countryside, trees of 6 clones (i144, i224, i063, i182, 2486 and 3216) were measured and samples of leaves and bole wood collected for the determination of 13 C isotope discrimination ( ). Tree diameter and height were measured annually from the fifth year as well as the percentage of affected trees (PAA) by water stress. The results showed a positive correlation between growth and rainfall and between and growth, except for one of the clones. Despite the existence of a negative correlation between and PAA, the use of to select eucalypt for drought tolerance needs a better understanding. In the greenhouse two clones, a susceptible (i042) and a tolerant (i144) to water restriction were cultivated in a modified Clark solution during 14 days. After this period, the seedlings were subjected to the presence or absence of Ca and or B during 14 days. After the 30th day, gradual water restriction was imposed with PEG 6000, in 50 % of plants, reducing the water potential sequentially to -0.16, -0.65 and -1.00 MPa, in intervals of seven days. At the time of application of PEG, dry matter and gas exchange of the plants were determined. Differences were observed between the two clones in the total gas exchange and dry matter, and these differences were dependent on water stress and Ca and B nutrition. In the susceptible clone, B was more important in the mitigation of water stress while in the tolerant clone Ca was relatively more important than B, which may be linked to the function of Ca in the activity of the oxidative stress enzymes.A expansão da cultura do eucalipto no Brasil tem ocorrido principalmente em áreas de cerrado, que possuem solos de baixa fertilidade e apresentam déficit hídrico prolongado. Os principais sintomas normalmente observados são a seca dos ponteiros, decorrente da deficiência de boro (B), seguida do lançamento de brotação lateral, e, ou, dessecação de folhas, da base para o ápice das árvores, comprometendo o crescimento e a sobrevivência. O emprego de clones mais tolerantes à seca e de fertilizantes minerais tem sido a estratégia comumente utilizada pelas empresas florestais na tentativa de minimizar os riscos de perdas e aumentar a produtividade florestal. A seleção de genótipos é um processo demorado e muitas das vezes não define os mecanismos responsáveis pela tolerância. A discriminação isotópica de 13 ou sua relação com a sobrevivência e crescimento das plantas tem sido sugerida como uma alternativa de seleção de genótipos tolerantes à seca. Estudos recentes têm mostrado a importância do B e do Ca na tolerância a diversos tipos de estresse, incluindo o hídrico. Esclarecimentos sobre o papel desses dois nutrientes na tolerância ao estresse hídrico e o desenvolvimento de métodos que permitam a seleção mais rápida e segura de materiais genéticos de eucalipto quanto à exigência hídrica são necessários. Desta forma, neste trabalho objetivou-se: 1 - Estabelecer relações entre a , sobrevivência e crescimento de clones de eucalipto e precipitação pluviométrica na região norte de Minas Gerais, para identificar genótipos melhor adaptados a condições de baixa disponibilidade de água; 2 - Verificar a influência do Ca e do B na tolerância de clones de eucalipto à deficiência hídrica, a partir dos parâmetros fisiológicos, juntamente com a eficiência nutricional e de crescimento. Em campo, árvores de seis clones (i144, i224, i063, i182, 2486 e 3216), foram mensuradas e amostras de folhas e de lenho do tronco ,a coletadas partir do quinto ano, o percentual de árvores afetadas (PAA) por estresse hídrico. Os resultados mostraram correlação positiva entre crescimento e precipitação e entre crescimento, exceto para um dos clones. Apesar de ser constatada correlação negativa , a utilização deste primeiro como ferramenta de seleção precisa ser mais bem entendida. Em casa de vegetação dois clones, um sensível (i042) e outro tolerante à restrição hídrica (i144), foram cultivados em solução de Clark modificada até completarem 14 dias. Após esse período, as mudas foram submetidas aos tratamentos em presença ou ausência de Ca e, ou, B até completarem 14 dias. Aproximados 30 dias, foi imposta restrição hídrica gradativa com PEG (Polietileno glicol) 6000, em 50 % dos vasos, reduzindo o potencial hídrico de -0,16 a -1,00 MPa (-0,16, -0,65 e -1,00 MPa), a cada sete dias. Na ocasião da aplicação de PEG foram determinadas matéria seca e trocas gasosas das plantas. Foram observadas diferenças entre os dois clones estudados em matéria seca total e trocas gasosas, sendo estas diferenças dependentes do estresse hídrico e da nutrição de Ca e B. No clone sensível, o B se mostrou mais importante na mitigação do estresse hídrico, ao passo que no clone tolerante o Ca foi relativamente mais importante que o B, o que pode estar ligado ao papel do Ca na atividade de enzimas relacionadas ao estresse oxidativo.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superiorapplication/pdfporUniversidade Federal de ViçosaDoutorado em Solos e Nutrição de PlantasUFVBRFertilidade do solo e nutrição de plantas; Gênese, Morfologia e Classificação, Mineralogia, Química,Eucalipto - NutriçãoCarbono - IsótoposCálcioBoroDéficit hídricoEucalyptus - NutritionCarbon - IsotopesCalciumBoronWater deficitCNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::RECURSOS FLORESTAIS E ENGENHARIA FLORESTAL::SILVICULTURA::NUTRICAO FLORESTALDiscriminação isotópica do 13C e nutrição com cálcio e boro em clones de eucalipto submetidos ao défice hídricoIsotopic discrimination of 13C and calcium and boron nutrition of eucalypt clones under water deficitinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesisinfo:eu-repo/semantics/embargoedAccessreponame:LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFVinstname:Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV)instacron:UFVORIGINALtexto completo.pdfapplication/pdf1000869https://locus.ufv.br//bitstream/123456789/1669/1/texto%20completo.pdf98a510050371c39683a1bbe31d06f2cbMD51TEXTtexto completo.pdf.txttexto completo.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain132105https://locus.ufv.br//bitstream/123456789/1669/2/texto%20completo.pdf.txt5867be81b90929bdaa28774e6af6cca1MD52THUMBNAILtexto completo.pdf.jpgtexto completo.pdf.jpgIM Thumbnailimage/jpeg3600https://locus.ufv.br//bitstream/123456789/1669/3/texto%20completo.pdf.jpg0a3a93a9ae5fff59406c02d53cbe580dMD53123456789/16692016-04-07 23:12:08.69oai:locus.ufv.br:123456789/1669Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttps://www.locus.ufv.br/oai/requestfabiojreis@ufv.bropendoar:21452016-04-08T02:12:08LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV - Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV)false
dc.title.por.fl_str_mv Discriminação isotópica do 13C e nutrição com cálcio e boro em clones de eucalipto submetidos ao défice hídrico
dc.title.alternative.eng.fl_str_mv Isotopic discrimination of 13C and calcium and boron nutrition of eucalypt clones under water deficit
title Discriminação isotópica do 13C e nutrição com cálcio e boro em clones de eucalipto submetidos ao défice hídrico
spellingShingle Discriminação isotópica do 13C e nutrição com cálcio e boro em clones de eucalipto submetidos ao défice hídrico
Barros Filho, Nairam Félix de
Eucalipto - Nutrição
Carbono - Isótopos
Cálcio
Boro
Déficit hídrico
Eucalyptus - Nutrition
Carbon - Isotopes
Calcium
Boron
Water deficit
CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::RECURSOS FLORESTAIS E ENGENHARIA FLORESTAL::SILVICULTURA::NUTRICAO FLORESTAL
title_short Discriminação isotópica do 13C e nutrição com cálcio e boro em clones de eucalipto submetidos ao défice hídrico
title_full Discriminação isotópica do 13C e nutrição com cálcio e boro em clones de eucalipto submetidos ao défice hídrico
title_fullStr Discriminação isotópica do 13C e nutrição com cálcio e boro em clones de eucalipto submetidos ao défice hídrico
title_full_unstemmed Discriminação isotópica do 13C e nutrição com cálcio e boro em clones de eucalipto submetidos ao défice hídrico
title_sort Discriminação isotópica do 13C e nutrição com cálcio e boro em clones de eucalipto submetidos ao défice hídrico
author Barros Filho, Nairam Félix de
author_facet Barros Filho, Nairam Félix de
author_role author
dc.contributor.authorLattes.por.fl_str_mv http://lattes.cnpq.br/3170935435916857
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Barros Filho, Nairam Félix de
dc.contributor.advisor-co1.fl_str_mv Silva, Ivo Ribeiro da
dc.contributor.advisor-co1Lattes.fl_str_mv http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4799432D0
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv Neves, Júlio César Lima
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4783076D4
dc.contributor.referee1.fl_str_mv Vergütz, Leonardus
dc.contributor.referee1Lattes.fl_str_mv http://lattes.cnpq.br/1282294478259902
dc.contributor.referee2.fl_str_mv Araujo, Wagner Luiz
dc.contributor.referee2Lattes.fl_str_mv http://lattes.cnpq.br/8790852022120851
dc.contributor.referee3.fl_str_mv Rocha, Genelício Crusoé
dc.contributor.referee3Lattes.fl_str_mv http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4796777Y9
contributor_str_mv Silva, Ivo Ribeiro da
Neves, Júlio César Lima
Vergütz, Leonardus
Araujo, Wagner Luiz
Rocha, Genelício Crusoé
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv Eucalipto - Nutrição
Carbono - Isótopos
Cálcio
Boro
Déficit hídrico
topic Eucalipto - Nutrição
Carbono - Isótopos
Cálcio
Boro
Déficit hídrico
Eucalyptus - Nutrition
Carbon - Isotopes
Calcium
Boron
Water deficit
CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::RECURSOS FLORESTAIS E ENGENHARIA FLORESTAL::SILVICULTURA::NUTRICAO FLORESTAL
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv Eucalyptus - Nutrition
Carbon - Isotopes
Calcium
Boron
Water deficit
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::RECURSOS FLORESTAIS E ENGENHARIA FLORESTAL::SILVICULTURA::NUTRICAO FLORESTAL
description The expansion of eucalyptus plantations in Brazil have occurred mainly to areas of savanna, where soils have low fertility and climate is characterized by long dry seasons. The main symptoms observed are usually tip die back, as a result of B deficiency, followed by sprouting and/or desiccation of leaves from the base to the top of the trees, impairing growth and survival. The use of drought tolerant clones and mineral fertilizers has been the strategy used by forest companies as an attempt to minimize the risk of losses and to increase forest productivity. The selection of genotypes is a slow process and often does not define the mechanisms responsible for tolerance to drought. The 13C isotope discrimination ( ) and its relation to the survival and growth of plants have been suggested as an alternative method to select drought tolerant genotypes. Recent studies have shown the importance of B and Ca in tolerance to different types of stress, including water. Explanations of the function of these two nutrients in water stress tolerance and the development of methods that allow faster and safer selection of eucalypt genetic material to water requirement are needed. Thus, this study aimed to verify the influence of Ca and B tolerance of eucalypt clones to water stress, from the physiological parameters, along with the nutritional efficiency and growth and to establish relations between 13C, survival and growth of eucalyptus clones and rainfall in the northern region of Minas Gerais State, Brazil, to identify genotypes well adapted to conditions of low water availability. In the countryside, trees of 6 clones (i144, i224, i063, i182, 2486 and 3216) were measured and samples of leaves and bole wood collected for the determination of 13 C isotope discrimination ( ). Tree diameter and height were measured annually from the fifth year as well as the percentage of affected trees (PAA) by water stress. The results showed a positive correlation between growth and rainfall and between and growth, except for one of the clones. Despite the existence of a negative correlation between and PAA, the use of to select eucalypt for drought tolerance needs a better understanding. In the greenhouse two clones, a susceptible (i042) and a tolerant (i144) to water restriction were cultivated in a modified Clark solution during 14 days. After this period, the seedlings were subjected to the presence or absence of Ca and or B during 14 days. After the 30th day, gradual water restriction was imposed with PEG 6000, in 50 % of plants, reducing the water potential sequentially to -0.16, -0.65 and -1.00 MPa, in intervals of seven days. At the time of application of PEG, dry matter and gas exchange of the plants were determined. Differences were observed between the two clones in the total gas exchange and dry matter, and these differences were dependent on water stress and Ca and B nutrition. In the susceptible clone, B was more important in the mitigation of water stress while in the tolerant clone Ca was relatively more important than B, which may be linked to the function of Ca in the activity of the oxidative stress enzymes.
publishDate 2014
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv 2014-03-28
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv 2015-03-26T12:52:58Z
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dc.identifier.citation.fl_str_mv BARROS FILHO, Nairam Félix de. Isotopic discrimination of 13C and calcium and boron nutrition of eucalypt clones under water deficit. 2014. 73 f. Tese (Doutorado em Fertilidade do solo e nutrição de plantas; Gênese, Morfologia e Classificação, Mineralogia, Química,) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, 2014.
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/1669
identifier_str_mv BARROS FILHO, Nairam Félix de. Isotopic discrimination of 13C and calcium and boron nutrition of eucalypt clones under water deficit. 2014. 73 f. Tese (Doutorado em Fertilidade do solo e nutrição de plantas; Gênese, Morfologia e Classificação, Mineralogia, Química,) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, 2014.
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