Toxicidade no cotratamento de esgoto sanitário e lixiviado de aterro sanitário

• Autor(a) principal: Magalhães, Déborah Neide de
• Data de Publicação: 2012
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/3775
• topic: Lodos ativados; Tratamento combinado; Daphnia similis; Metais-traço; Nitrogênio; Respirometria; Activated sludge; Combined treatment; Daphnia similis; Trace metals; Nitrogen; Respirometry; CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA SANITARIA::TRATAMENTO DE AGUAS DE ABASTECIMENTO E RESIDUARIAS

Sanitary landfill leachate has high, potentially toxic organic and nutrient loads that may cause negative impacts during combined biological treatment with sewage. In this study, the effect of intermittent leachate addition at the inlet of the activated sludge municipal sewage treatment plant in Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, located in southeastern Brazil, was evaluated. Raw sewage, leachate, mixed leachate-sewage and treated wastewater samples were collected monthly over six months for physicochemical characterization (organic matter, solids, nutrients, metals) and determination of acute toxicity to Daphnia similis. Return activated sludge was also collected and used to quantify specific oxygen uptake rate (SOUR) and biomass growth in sewage and leachate-sewage mixtures in the laboratory. Leachate presented higher values than sewage for all parameters measured, except phosphorous, though its composition varied widely. Activated sludge treatment efficiently removed organic matter and nutrients, despite the high intermittent loads associated with leachate added at the treatment plant inlet. The only parameters that regularly surpassed Minas Gerais state discharge limits were Hg and Pb. Contrary to the raw sewage that did not exhibit toxicity, all samples of leachate were acutely toxic to D. similis and this led to toxicity in four of the mixed leachate-sewage samples, while only one sample of treated wastewater exhibited slight toxicity. Leachate toxicity correlated positively with pH, nitrogen and conductivity. Potentiation of the toxic effect was observed in leachate-sewage mixtures prepared in the laboratory. SOUR values and sludge production increased in mixtures of 20% leachate-80% sewage over their values in sewage alone. SOUR values correlated negatively with As, Cd, Hg and Pb. The results suggest that activated sludge can adapt to the increased organic and nutrient load associated with landfill leachate over time, but the effect of the impulse loads that enter with leachate should be investigated further.