Estudo de caso da comercialização dos produtos florestais não madereiros (PFNM) como subsídio para a restauração florestal

• Autor(a) principal: Alves, Rodrigo Veríssimo
• Data de Publicação: 2010
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/3040
• topic: Recuperação de Áreas Degradadas; Mercado Florestal; Floresta Atlântica; Degraded areas recovery; Forest Market; Atlantic Forest; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::RECURSOS FLORESTAIS E ENGENHARIA FLORESTAL::MANEJO FLORESTAL

The Atlantic Forest biome is supposed to be one of the richest ecosystems entireties in the world, with floristics and faunistics compositions extremely diversified, being frequently occurrent exclusively in their domains. Due to the existence of a series of species in their different phytophysiognomy, the biome has one of the greatest biodiversity of the planet and the greater of Brazil. Besides this huge biodiversity, it has been responsible for providing resources and socioeconomic and environmental services which are essential to the resident human population. However, despite of the strict dependence of its inhabitants on these products and services, the destruction process and the consequent fragmentation of the biome has achieved frightening levels. From its 1.315.460 km2, nowadays, only 102.012 km2 still remain (7,91% of the original area), and due to this it has been considered one of the twenty five world hotspots. Among the various actions capable to change the actual scenery of destruction of the Atlantic Forest biome, promoting its conservation and sustainable use, the recovery of degraded areas is an activity of fundamental relevance. Nevertheless, despite of the legislation, not only in the federal as well as in the state sphere, establishes the recovery of degraded areas, due to antropic activities an obligation, such practice has not been accomplished by the rural owners because they generate high social and economic costs. Moreover, they do not bring economical return capable to maintain the social, economic and environmental functions of the rural properties. Therefore, the aim of this work was that of analyze the behavior of the non-timber forest products in the Central Market of Belo Horizonte MG, in order to generate informations that could enable the proposition of degraded areas recovery models using species that are native in the Atlantic Forest biome and which have relevant participation in the market. To achieve the proposed objective, a qualitative research has been conducted using the multiple method to collect the data in the field, aiming at the achievement of a deeper comprehension of the market of the selected local. Five methods have been used in order to generate the field data, as follows: Structured interviews with topic guides; Registers with transcription notes; Field observation; Research diary, and Document collecting. Regarding the data analysis, the strategy used was that of colors, and as tools, Word and Excel for Windows. Among the 17 researched establishments, nine belong to medicinal products category, four to handicraft products and four to alimentary products. Among the five products that are more commercialized specified in the 17 establishments, 59 merchandises were identified. Fifty three of which are national products, characterizing this market as predominantly national. Forty Five items (76,3%) are non-timber forest products (NTFPs) and only 13 (22%) are not considered as such. The origin of one product (1,7%) could not be identified. From the 45 non-timber forest products (NTFPs), 36 (80%) have their origin in the native vegetal species and nine (20%) from the exotic species. When we consider only the products that have their origin from the native species of the Atlantic Forest biome, they totalize only 20, i.e., 44,4% of the total certified. The intermediate agents (physical and juridical persons) are extremely presents, being paid in installments, unlike the herb doctors, handicraftsmen and/or rural producers that are paid in cash by the commercialized products. Despite of the interviewed traders being empirical, all the rough profit calculated showed that the commercialization of the non-timber forest products (NTFPs) are extremely rentable. The greater majority of the interviewed consumers are older than thirty one years old, female, do not have the intermediate level school and live in Belo Horizonte. Eighteen of the thirty interviewed own up to R$ 1.000,00 monthly. Almost all of them have never heard the expression non-timber forest products (NTFPs). However they consume regularly a great number of products of this kind. There is a balance between those who prefer national products and the ones who prefer the imported products. Few of them are worried about the way the non-timber forest products (NTFPs) are explored from their natural environment and are not willing to spend much more money to buy products extracted by sustainable management.