Farelo de mamona tratado com óxido de cálcio, fornecido seco ou úmido para cordeiros

• Autor(a) principal: Santos, Tathyane Ramalho
• Data de Publicação: 2011
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/5738
• topic: Fisiologia; Nutrição; Produção; Reprodução de ruminantes; Physiology; Nutrition; Production; Reproduction of ruminants; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ZOOTECNIA::NUTRICAO E ALIMENTACAO ANIMAL

The gradual growth of the biodiesel participation in global energy production creates a need for studies on the use of co-products generated in this production chain in animal feed, especially for small ruminants. In this sense, it is proposed to evaluate the co-product of oil extraction of castor seeds (Ricinus communis), castor bean meal (CM) in diets for sheep. In the experiment we evaluated the use of castor bean meal treated with 60 g/kg of calcium oxide (CaO), provided, dry or humid, on consumption and digestibility, performance, nitrogen balance and liver function in lambs. The CM was obtained after extraction of oil from castor beans using organic solvent. The treatment was performed using the CM solution of calcium oxide (CaO), prepared by diluting each kg in 10 liters of water. After mixing this solution to the CM, it remained at rest for 18 hours, and part of it dry in the yard and part of cement supplied after the period of disregard for the animals. The study included 35 male lambs, not neutered, mixed breed with average initial weight of 20 ± 0.253 kg kept in individual cages for 85 days, 15 days of adaptation and 70 days for data collection. The animals were randomly assigned to five treatments, arranged in a 2 x 2 +1 factorial, with two levels of substitution of soybean meal by castor meal (50 and 100%) and two forms of delivery of the castor bean meal (dry or humid) and a control treatment to the base of soybean meal. The diet was composed of 60% corn silage and 40% concentrate (based on MS) and isonitrogenous, with 15% CP (DM basis) in order to meet the nutritional requirements of a sheep with 20 kg body weight and average daily gain of 200 g. There was no significant interaction (P> 0.05) between the level of substitution of CM by soybean meal and the type of treated castor meal (dry or humid) to any of the characteristics evaluated in this experiment. DM intake and nutrient (P> 0.05), except crude protein (CP) and non-fiber carbohydrates (NFC) (P <0.05), when expressed in g / kgPC did not differ between treatments. The digestibility of DM, organic matter (OM), ether extract (EE), neutral detergent soluble fiber corrected for ash and protein (NDFap), and TDN did not differ (P> 0.05) between treatments. However, it was observed a quadratic effect on the digestibility of NFC (P = 0.015). The final body weight (PVF), average daily gain (ADG), the hot carcass weight (HCW), cold carcass weight (CCW) and cold carcass yield (RCF), did not differ between treatments evaluated (P > 0.05). However, there was a quadratic effect (P = 0.041) for hot carcass yield (WHR), when the SM was replaced by CM, with maximum at 45.66% substitution. Similar behavior was observed for the cooling losses also with a quadratic effect (P <0.001), due to the replacement level by the SM and CM humid or dry (P = 0.041). There was no difference in nitrogen intake (NI) (P> 0.05). The fecal nitrogen (FN) when presented in g / day (P> 0.05) showed no difference. However, when presented as% of N intake showed a linear effect due to the increased level of substitution of CM by SM (P = 0.050) and CM (P = 0.045). N excretion via urine showed a quadratic effect (P = 0.002), with increased excretion of N in the treatments with 50% substitution. The quadratic effect of N excretion via urine also reflected in urinary urea (P = 0.016) and (P <0.001). Serum levels of enzymes related to liver function did not change. We conclude that it is possible to replace all or part of soybean meal by meal castor treated with calcium oxide sputtered in dry or wet forms, in the diet of sheep in confinement, when fed to the level of 18% of total DM.