Avaliação de sistemas de preparo do solo para a cultura da cenoura (Daucus Carota L.) Visando à colheita mecanizada

• Autor(a) principal: Magno Júnior, Ronaldo Goulart
• Data de Publicação: 2012
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/732
• topic: Máquina agrícola; Preparo do solo; Colheita mecanizada; Agricultural machinery; Soil preparation; Mechanized harvesting; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ENGENHARIA AGRICOLA::MAQUINAS E IMPLEMENTOS AGRICOLAS

The physical characteristics of the soil have great influence in the productivity and quality of the carrots. The tillage for implantation of a culture many times is carried out in an extreme manner, leaving the ground very disaggregated, harming the transit of machines and implements during the harvest. This work had as an objective to evaluate the method of tillage systems adjusted to the culture, aiming mechanized harvest. The experiment was lead in an irrigated area by aspersion, located in the Rio Paranaíba MG, region of the Alto Paranaíba, in YELLOW RED LATOSSOL. The experiment used a randomized delineation block-type, with three repetitions and nine treatments, being: T1: a moldboard plow and rotary tiller with closed cover; T2: a moldboard plow, disk harrow and rotary tiller with closed cover; T3: a moldboard plow, two disk harrow and rotary tiller with closed cover; T4: a disk harrow, a chisel plow and two rounds of the rotary tiller, first with an open cover and then closed; T5: a chisel plow, two rounds of the rotary tiller first with an open cover and then closed; T6 a chisel plow and two rounds of the rotary tiller with opening of the intermediate cover and then closed; T7 a chisel plow and two round of the rotary tiller with closed cover; T8 two harrow disk, a chisel plow and two rounds with rotary tiller with closed cover; T9 two round of Big Mix. The Soil characteristics: disaggregation of the mobilized layer, blistering, mobilized area, roughness, mechanical resistance of the soil to the penetration, besides operational income and productivity were evaluated. The values of weighed diameter average varying of 1,88 to 3,75mm had not affected the productivity of the culture. The different equipment of soil tillage, in the used in different combinations presented the same values of area of rise, mobilized area, blistering, average thickness of the mobilized layer. The rotary tiller annulled the effect on the physical characteristics of the ground imposed by other equipment, as final roughness, ponderate average diameter and fine aggregate percentage. In traditional farming system, under beds, mechanized harvesting was not possible. Already in treatment where tillage was performed on tracks, mechanized harvesting was possible and efficiently.