Mudança nos comportamentos alimentar e de atividade física em portadores de Diabetes mellitus tipo 2, com base no Modelo Transteórico

• Autor(a) principal: Natali, Celeste Maria
• Data de Publicação: 2010
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/2779
• topic: Diabetes mellitus; Modelo transteórico; Exercício físico; Diabetes mellitus; Transtheoretical model; Exercise; CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::NUTRICAO

This study aimed to analyze changes in the eating and in the physical activity behaviors in individuals with diabetes mellitus type 2, through strategies of intervention based on transtheoretical model (MTT) during six months. Thirty one individuals, of both sexes, aged between 41 and 75 years, were evaluated -demographic characteristics were collected through semi-structured interviews. The stages of MTT behavior changes in the eating and physical activity behaviors were identified using one algorithm for the eating behavior and another for the physical activity behavior. Body weight, height and waist and hip circumferences were measured and the body mass index (BMI) and the waist to hip ratio (W/H) were calculated. The fat percentage (% FAT) was collected through electrical bipolar bioimpedance. The blood parameters: complete blood count, fasting glucose, glycated hemoglobin, total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, VLDL and triglycerides were analyzed. All the evaluations were made before and after a six-month period of interventions, composed of guided physical activity and nutritional counseling. The results showed that before the intervention, most of the diabetics were in the MTT preparation stage, for the eating behavior and in the maintenance stage for the physical activity behavior. After six months of interventions, a move to the action stage for the eating behavior was observed and for the physical activity behavior the maintenance stage was preserved. Body weight, BMI, fasting glucose, glycated hemoglobin, total cholesterol and LDL reduced significantly (p<0,05) after the period of interventions. W/H and % FAT did not change. There was a positive correlation between the family income and schooling (p<0,05), number of people in the house (p<0,05) and the consumption intake behavior (p<0,05) of the individuals. Schooling also correlated positively with eating behavior (p<0,01) as well as the eating behavior with the physical activity behavior (p<0,01). It was concluded that individuals with diabetes mellitus type 2 respond to interventions for changes in eating and physical activity behaviors. These changes positively impacted the anthropometrical and biochemical parameters. The education level and family income are associated to the level of readiness for these changes.