Indicadores Internos de competitividade e seus efeitos nos fluxos de comércio

• Autor(a) principal: Paula, Josiane Souza de
• Data de Publicação: 2013
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/3279
• topic: Indicadores de competitividade; Comércio internacional; Modelo gravitacional; Facilitação de comércio; Competitiveness indicators; International trade; Gravitational model; Facilitation of trade; CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ECONOMIA::ECONOMIA INTERNACIONAL

The consideration of internal factors, besides the variables of the border has increasing relevance in studies of international trade. There has, also, the recognition of the fundamental importance of trade facilitation to accelerate growth, expand trade and improve welfare. Therefore, we propose an expanded definition of this concept, which allows to evaluate the contribution of competitiveness indicators and internal border of nations on international trade flows. The aim of this study was therefore to identify and analyze the effects of indicators of relative competitiveness of countries on bilateral trade flows. The competitiveness indicators were considered: economic performance, government efficiency, business efficiency and infrastructure of different nations. These indicators are available on the World Competitiveness Yearbook of IMD (2011), which is a publication on the competitiveness of nations that analyzes the performance of fifty-nine (59) countries based in three hundred and thirty one (331) criteria to measure the different faces of competitiveness. Therefore, it was estimated gravity equations with trade data fifty-nine (59) countries in the period 1997 to 2011. Making use of such information was made combinations of pairs of countries, which resulted in a total of over fifty thousand observations (51,330 observations). The methods used in estimating equations models were the Fixed Effects, Random Effects, Pooled and Poisson pseudo-maximum likelihood (PPML). Overall, the results were robust, with high statistical significance for the estimated coefficients and coefficients of determination ranging between 0.39 and 0.90. The results suggested that some of these indicators have a positive effect on trade flows and that countries have much to gain from actions that reduce the differences in the indicators analyzed. In particular, the results demonstrated that the level of business efficiency indicates a greater impact on trade compared to other indicators. Furthermore, the results for the distance and the rates are consistent with those already found in other literature. The results also suggested that when the importing country is considered developed and the exporter is developing country, the importer will have advantage in trade, given the competitive gap between him and his partner. On the other hand, when the importing country is a country regarded as developing and the exporting country is a country developed, this has a disadvantage in trade, since your partner has become more competitive.