Associação de fungos nematófagos dos gêneros Duddingtonia, Monacrosporium e Arthrobotrys no controle biológico de nematoides gastrintestinais de pequenos ruminantes

• Autor(a) principal: Silveira, Wendeo Ferreira da
• Data de Publicação: 2013
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/5159
• topic: Controle biológico; Fungos nematófagos; Ovinos; Biological control; Nematophagous fungi; Sheep; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::MEDICINA VETERINARIA

The gastrointestinal nematodes caused mainly by the genus: Trichostrongylus spp., Cooperia spp., Oesophagostomum spp, Strongyloides spp and Haemonchus spp. are a deadlock to raise small ruminants (caprine and ovine). The control of these parasites has been done by anti-helminthic drugs, however there are many reports about the occurrence of resistance. In this context, the use of nematophagous fungi, come as a viable alternative in the fight against gastrointestinal nematodes. The isolated of nematophagous fungi of the genus Duddigtonia flagrans (AC001), Monacrosporium thaumasium (NF34), Arthrobotrys robusta (I31) and A. conoides (I40) were used in an associated form (AC001+I31) and (NF34+I40) aiming to evaluate in vitro the viability of association of nematophagous fungi after passing through the gastrointestinal tract of goats. In order to do so, it was used association of nematophagous fungi above the concentration of 1x106 conidium and chlamidospore / kg of live weight (LW), given in a single dose. And after, evaluate the viability of the associations of fungi isolated (AC001 + I31) and (NF34 + I40) in pellet matrix of sodium alginate in the biological control of nematodes of sheeps under field conditions. Therefore, were evaluated number of infective larvae recovered in distances 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm from the fecal matter, Egg counts per gram of faeces (EPG), in groups treated and control, prevalence of genus strongyilis recovered in fecal cultures, hematocrit and total protein count in the blood. Fungi structures associated were capable of passing through the gastrointestinal tract of goats and reduce the number of infected larvae (L3) of gastrointestinal nematodes in vitro. For the association among the isolates AC001 and I31, there were differences between the treated group and the control of the interval of 12h (P< 0,01) and 48h (P< 0,05), L3 percentage of reduction in gastrointestinal nematodes of 53% and 68% respectively. On the other hand, the association of the isolates NF34 and I40), differences (P < 0,01) were observed in the interval of 24, 48 and 72 hours, with percentage reduction of larvae of 56%, 61% and 48% respectively. The association among the isolated AC001 and I31 in matrix of sodium alginate was X not able to reduce the counting of eggs by grams of feces (EPG) of sheeps under fields conditions. On the other hand, the association among the isolates NF34 and I40 in the same conditions showed a difference (P< 0,01) in EPG compared to the control group. There was a difference (P< 0,05) between the number of L3 recovered in the distance of 0-20 cm from fecal pats, with a higher predominance of the genus Haemonchus ssp., Cooperia spp., Trichostrongylus spp.and Oesophagostomum spp. The results showed that the associations of the isolated of nematophagous fungi AC001+I31 and NF34+I40 can be used as a way of biological control of gastrointestinal nematodes of small ruminants at lab conditions as well as field conditions.