Anfíbios da Floresta Estadual do Uaimií (Ouro Preto, MG): composição e atividade reprodutiva

• Autor(a) principal: Pirani, Renata Magalhães
• Data de Publicação: 2011
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/2243
• topic: Comunidade; Inventário; Distribuição espacial; Distribuição temporal; Community; Inventory; Spatial distribution; Temporal distribution; CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::ZOOLOGIA

The study addresses issues of diversity, reproductive activity, temporal and spatial distribution of amphibians from Floresta Estadual do Uaimií, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil. It is presented for the first time, a list of amphibian species in the area. In order to compile the inventory, sampling monthly visits were carried out at four habitats: two permanent streams (Riacho do Alojamento - RA, Riacho São Bartolomeu - RSB), a permanent swamp (Brejo da Estrada - BE) and a temporary swamp (Brejo do Campo Rupestre - BCR) between the period September 2009 to August 2010. In addition of observations in these sample areas, data collected in other visits and other environmentsconducted in the study area was used. We recorded 35 species belonging to the families Brachycephalidae (2) Bufonidae (2), Centrolenidae (1), Craugastoridae (1), Cycloramphidae (2), Hylidae (18), Hylodidae (1), Leiuperidae (2), Leptodactylidae (5) and Microhylidae (1). The record of the species Hylodes babax, family Hylodidae is represented for the first outside its type locality. The knowledge about its natural history, description of the tadpole and vocalization can help protect the species. Among the sampled environments, the BE was the richer environment, harboring 14 species, followed by RSB environment with eight, and RA and BCR with seven species. We defined five patterns of vocalization during the year: (1) continuous: for species that call during all or almost all months (N = 2 species), (2) extended: for species with calling activity associated with the rainy months (N = 11 species), (3) seasonal: for species associated with calling during the dry season (N = 1 species), (4) opportunistic: to species that call only after rains (N = 1 species) and (5) no defined: for species that could not register a definite pattern of vocalization ((N = 7 species). Regarding the environmental occupation, nine species (37.5%) were found using only a single microenvironment as a site of vocalization, while 12 (50%) of them used two, and only three species (12.5%) used three or more microenvironments. With regard to abiotic factors, there was a positive relationship between rainfall and total species richness (r = 0.6071, p = 0.04) and species richness in calling activity (r = 0.6255, p = 0.03), considering the four sites sampled together. The average air temperature had no significant influence on any variable. The spatial and temporal distribution of frog species varies with the environment they occupy, seeming to their fit the biotic and abiotic factors. Each species also seems to adjust its patterns of activity and occupation to environmental biotic factors that are submitted. Studies like this help to elucidate biological aspects of frogs, confirming what are the most stringent standards and what those less defined, subject to change according to the peculiarities of each region, in addition to revealing new aspects of ecology and natural history of species.