DESRO: um protocolo de roteamento com gerenciamento dinâmico de energia para redes de sensores sem fio

• Autor(a) principal: Dantas, Arthur Vinícius Maciel
• Data de Publicação: 2010
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/2612
• topic: Redes de computadores; Protocolos de comunicação; Redes de sensores sem fio; Computer networks; Communication protocol; Wireless sensor network; CNPQ::CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::CIENCIA DA COMPUTACAO

This work presents DESRO (Dynamic Energy Saving Routing), a dynamic routing protocol based on ESDSR (Energy Saving Dynamic Source Routing). DESRO is an on-demand protocol to be used on plane static wireless sensor networks and it was built to solve some deficiencies found in ESDSR. DESRO has a more efficient data routing and two mechanisms which work together to perform routing: route discovery and route maintenance. In route discovery, DESRO sends a route request broadcast message when the node wants to send a data packet and has no route to the sink. The route request message is forwarded until the sink receives it. When this happens, the sink sends a route reply message to the node that generate the route request message, containing the list os all intermediate nodes. These nodes are listed in the header of a route request message. The route maintenance is performed when a node is unable to forward a data message. The node assumes that the link is broken and sends a warning message to the node that has sent the data message. The data message originator, then, looks for an alternative route to the sink node in its routing table. If this node can not find an alternative route them, it initiates the mechanism of route discovery. The decision of which route will be used is based on the minimum expected life of route and on the number of hops. The minimum expected life is calculated using the value of the radio power transmission used to send a data packet to the neighbor node. DESRO extends the features of ESDSR through the inclusion of a efficient route management system capable of performing a load balancing among the nodes. The aim of promoting the load balancing is to get a better energy distribution on the network to postpone the death of nodes due to the lack of energy. The route management system is realized through a timer and/or a data packet counter, created when a route is discovered. When the timer reachs a limit, it is reset and a route management message is sent. The route management message can be sent when the data packet counter reachs the previous stablished limit also. When it happens the data packet counter is reset. The ESDSR and DESRO was compared through simulations on Castalia, a wireless sensor network discret-event simulator. It was performed some simulations with grid and randomic uniform distributions. The results show that the route management system was able to postpone the death of nodes and to increase the data delivery rate.