Aconselhamento nutricional para a promoção da alimentação saudável de crianças e mães na Estratégia Saúde da Família: a importância da visita domiciliar

• Autor(a) principal: Campos, Aline Aparecida de Oliveira
• Data de Publicação: 2013
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/2783
• topic: Aconselhamento nutricional; Representações sociais; Alimentação infantil; Rede social; Facilitadores e dificultadores; Nutritional counseling; Social representations; Infant feeding; Social network; Facilitate or hamper; CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::NUTRICAO

The recommendations on infant feeding healthy stress the importance of exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months of life and continued breastfeeding after early complementary feeding up to two years of age or older. Thus, nutritional counseling targeted to mothers of children under two years of age assumes an essential role to ensure the satisfactory development, introducing the food properly, providing means for the child to reach their biological potential. In this context, this study aimed to understand the perception of women-mothers about the nutritional advice of complementary feeding by inserting Family Health Strategy (FHS) through home visits (VD). This is a qualitative study, carried out in Viçosa, Minas Gerais, whose data collection was through VD monthly during the months of March 2011 to September 2012, using techniques such as the semi-structured interview and observation participant. Composed the study group, 18 mothers of children under two years of age (86% of the reference population enrolled in the FHS of the municipality). During the performance of each VD, which lasted about an hour and fifteen minutes, mothers were first heard in order to stimulate the expression and recognition of doubts, feelings and desires in relation to feeding practices, and evaluate monthly, anthropometry of the mother-child (weight, length and height). Then the mothers were carefully counseled about maternal and child nutrition, hygiene and food handling, and are oriented in relation to the use of educational materials (brochures, booklets, cookbook) developed by the researchers specifically for this study. We also identified the advantages and constraints of the practice of healthy complementary feeding, the social network of women-mothers and understand the influence of this network in the practice of healthy complementary feeding, as well as to identify and understand the perspective mother, the meanings of complementary feeding as part of care in the first two years of the child's age. Regarding the advantages and constraints, the findings of this study indicate the reception, breastfeeding and nutritional counseling, the confidence, the use of educational materials, home visits, maternal bonding and inclusion in the labor market as facilitators of complementary feeding. As for hindering, met the consumption of cow's milk and food ultraprocessados, consistency and rejection by food, the permanence of children in nurseries, myths and beliefs that permeate infant feeding and social network. Some factors that complicate both as facilitators: maternal education and family income. As for the social network, it proved as both a support network, as conflict-generating. Although mothers deliver healthy foods to their children, some members of this network, particularly grandmothers, grandfathers and friends were the main responsible for providing unhealthy foods like soda, coffee, sweets and fried. Fathers, their mothers, uncles, health professionals and nurseries were responsible for the proliferation of the practice of infant feeding healthy. In relation to social representations, these were built from the perspective of five dimensions that make up the totality of meanings about infant feeding: dimension of care, socialization dimension, size of myths and beliefs about infant feeding practice, the process dimension health, disease, illness and economic dimension. Considering the perception of women-mothers about nutrition counseling is observed that the different techniques and tools used throughout the study constituted essential elements for training these women to increase the power of decision about the food offered to children under two years of age.