Aspectos biológicos e tabela de vida de Podisus nigrispinus (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) com a presa Anticarsia gemmatalis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) em soja resistente

• Autor(a) principal: Freitas, Fernando Azevedo de
• Data de Publicação: 2006
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/1162
• topic: Controle biológico; Resistência de plantas; Asopinae; Podisus nigrispinus; Anticarsia gemmatalis; Biological control; Resistance of plants; Podisus nigrispinus; Anticarsia gemmatalis; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::FITOTECNIA

The biological control and the resistance of plants are important tactics of integrated pest management in the soy culture. This research aimed to evaluate the possible impacts of the resistant IAC-24 soy cultivar on the nymph stage, on reproduction and longevity and on the parameters of the life and fertility tables of the predator Podisus nigrispinus (Dallas, 1851) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae). Three, independent, researches were developed to evaluate the possible direct (on plants), indirect (prey) and associated (prey + plants) effects of this resistant soy IAC-24 cultivar on nymph, reproduction and population aspects of P. nigrispinus. Pairs of P. nigrispinus were individualized in bags of white organza, involving branches of soy plants in the first research (direct effect of plants), with two treatments: T1- plants of the susceptible soy cultivar to insects UFVS-2006 + pupae of Tenebrio molitor Linneaus, 1758 (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) and T2- plants of IAC-24 (resistant) + pupae of T. molitor. Other pairs of P. nigrispinus were individualized in 500 ml plastic pots, in the second experiment (indirect effect: prey), with two treatments: T1- caterpillars of Anticarsia gemmatalis (Hübner, 1818) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in the UFVS-2006 (susceptible) and water and T2- caterpillars of A. gemmatalis reared with the IAC-24 (resistant) and water. Other pairs of this predator were individualized in organza bags involving branches of soy plants, in the third research (combined effect: prey + plants), within two treatments: T1- plants of the UFVS-2006 (susceptible) + A. gemmatalis reared with this cultivar and T2- plants of IAC-24 (resistant) + A. gemmatalis reared with this cultivar. The duration of the nymph stage of P. nigrispinus was similar between treatments in the three experiments, except for the shortest duration of the fourth instar in the first research (direct effect: plants) with the cultivar IAC-24. The survival during the nymph stage was similar between treatments in the three researches, except for the third and fourth instars of P. nigrispinus in the first (direct effect) and third (associated effect) researches with, respectively, higher survival of this predator with the cultivar IAC-24. The corporal mass of P. nigrispinus was similar between treatments in the three researches, except for the lower weight of fourth instar nymphs in the third research with the resistant IAC-24 cultivar. The longevity and reproductive characteristics of P. nigrispinus were similar between treatments in the three researches. The characteristics of the life tables were similar in the first two researches, but the third research (associated effect of plant and prey), showed harmful effects on the duration of a generation (DG), the time of the population of this predator to double in number of individuals (TD) and the infinitesimal (rm) and finite (λ) reason of population increase of P. nigrispinus with the resistant IAC-24 soy cultivar to insects. On the other hand, this cultivar was innocuous to P. nigrispinus, because most of the characteristics of the nymph and adult stages of this predator were not affected by this cultivar. However, the association of the resistant soy IAC-24 to insects and caterpillars of A. gemmatalis reared with this cultivar showed impact on the parameters of the fertility table with harmful effects on the DG, TD, rm and λ of this predator. However, the liquid reproductive rate (Ro) did not show harmful effect with values higher than "one" (99,928), what indicates population increase of this predator with the IAC-24 cultivar and caterpillars of A. gemmatalis reared with it. Therefore, the association of P. nigrispinus and the IAC-24 is possible in integrated pest management programs, in spite of the smallest population performance of this predator with this cultivar.