Efeitos do crescimento, desigualdade e Bolsa Família sobre a pobreza

• Autor(a) principal: Leal, Priscila de Queiroz
• Data de Publicação: 2012
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/3274
• topic: Crescimento; Desigualdade; Bolsa família; Growth, Inequality, Family Bag; CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ECONOMIA::CRESCIMENTO, FLUTUACOES E PLANEJAMENTO ECONOMICO::CRESCIMENTO E DESENVOLVIMENTO ECONOMICO

This study sought to calculate and analyze the impact of growth, income redistribution and Programa Bolsa Família (PBF) on the variation of poverty and extreme poverty in Brazil, between 2003 and 2009. First, we tried to measure the probability of an individual being poor , extremely poor or not poor when the beneficiary of the PBF. Then it, was possible through the propensity score (PSM) to calculate how much in percentage the program contributed to reducing poverty among the beneficiaries in 2006. Finally the decomposition was carried out in two components of poverty, growth and redistribution through the Shapley decomposition, between 2003 and 2009, which allowed to quantify and analyze the effects of each component in the variation in poverty rates: the proportion of poor (P,0) , the poverty gap (P,1) and inequality among the poor (P,2) , with and without the income from the PBF (rdpc and rdpcl). From the analysis of the multinomial logit model, it was concluded that some individuals with these characteristics: non-whites, with lower education (less than eight years), engaged in informal jobs or unemployed, living in urban areas and in North and Northeast regions with emphasis on the Northeast, than two-parent families or single mothers with all children aged below 14 years are more likely to be in poverty and extreme poverty. Furthermore, the model analysis also showed that in 2006 the PBF increased odds ratio of the beneficiary to be poor or extremely poor. The analysis of ATT, showed a significant result, which indicated that in 2006, despite the negative aspects, the PBF helped reduce the proportion of poor and extremely poor in 30 percentage points among the beneficiaries, showing that the income from the program has been extremely important to supplement household income per capita of the beneficiary families. The decomposition results show that poverty in the period we analyzed economic growth was primarily responsible for the reduction of poverty measures in the country, and the component of income redistribution served as a complement to economic growth. Moreover, when added to income from PBF, both economic growth and reducing inequality were more effective in reducing poverty.