Fotossíntese e crescimento de clones de Coffea canephora em função de diferentes períodos de maturação e épocas de poda

• Autor(a) principal: Morais, Leandro Elias
• Data de Publicação: 2010
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/4325
• topic: Coffea canephora; Maturação de frutos; Poda; Coffea canephora; Fruit ripening; Pruning; CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::BOTANICA::FISIOLOGIA VEGETAL::ECOFISIOLOGIA VEGETAL

Pruning is a key agronomic practice in coffee (Coffea canephora) plantation management, but little is known on a scientific basis about the ideal time to conduct it. Furthermore, studies associating variations in photosynthesis, as affected by the fruit ripening pattern, are missing in coffee. In this study, the effects of different pruning times, conducted between harvest and flowering, in clones of robusta coffee, displaying varying fruit ripening patterns (early, intermediate and late maturation periods), were examined by specifically evaluating growth, photosynthesis and starch accumulation. Treatments consisted of different pruning periods as follows: early maturation clones (03 and 67) were pruned at 0, 30, 60 and 90 days after fruit harvest (DAH); intermediate maturation clones (120 e 16) pruned at 0, 30 and 60 DAH; and late maturation clones (19 and 76) pruned at 0 and 30 DAH. The branch growth rate and gas exchange parameters (net photosynthesis rate, stomatal conductance and internal-to-atmospheric CO2 concentration ratio), maximum photochemical efficiency of photosystem II, and leaf starch concentration all were unaffected by the pruning treatments, regardless of clones. Other chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters were only marginally affected by pruning. On the other hand, some gas exchange variables and starch contents were altered in response to the fruit ripening patterns. The late maturation clones, compared to the other ones, showed lower net photosynthesis rates (~25%) and lower leaf starch content (~20%). In any case, for the late ripening clones, as their fruits have a longer grain-filling period and maturation time, their lower photosynthetic rates, starch content and leaf-to-fruit ratio could be offset, in the long-term, by their lower sink strength. In summary, the results suggest that is indifferent to perform the pruning immediately after fruit harvest, as usually recommended, or afterwards before flowering.