Análise de métodos antropométricos na determinação da obesidade e fatores de risco cardiovascular em mulheres

• Autor(a) principal: Cerqueira, Matheus Santos
• Data de Publicação: 2011
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/3467
• topic: Atividade física; IMC; IAC; Physical activity; BMI; BAI; CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::EDUCACAO FISICA

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading causes of death in the modern world. The practice of regular physical activity is reported as a form of prevention and treatment of these diseases. Despite the benefits, exercise is not accompanied by an assessment of cardiovascular risk factors (CRF). Obesity is a major coronary risk factor with high and growing prevalence and should be accurately diagnosed to be treated early to prevent health problems. Traditional methods of assessment of nutritional status such as body mass index (BMI) and new methods as the body adiposity index (BAI) have been proposed, however they must be analyzed to verify the suitability, especially in specific population groups. Thus, we developed the following studies: Study 1 - Objective: Analyze the presence of CRF in a group of women who practice gymnastics. Method: Data were collected on nutritional status, physical activity, blood parameters and dietary pattern. Results: The nutritional status assessed by BMI, fat percentage measured by DXA and waist circumference showed a high prevalence of obesity. The average number of steps per day classifies the sample as physically active. Inappropriate values were observed for total cholesterol, LDL-C, HDL-C and triglycerides. Nutritional assessment showed inadequate intake of carbohydrates and fats, especially saturated fatty acids. Conclusion: Despite of regular exercise, the sample studied showed a high prevalence of various CRF. The adoption of other strategies for health promotion, combined with physical activity, appears to be required to reduce these risk factors. Study 2 - Objective: To assess the validity of BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 for the diagnosis of obesity and determine the cut-off points of greater sensitivity and specificity for obesity in adult and elderly women. Methods: ROC curves were established to determine the values of BMI with the best relationship between sensitivity and specificity for the criteria value for obesity. The gold standard for determining body fat was the DXA. Results: BMI showed good correlation with body fat measured by DXA in both adults and in elderly women. However, the value of BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 had a low sensitivity to detect obesity in both groups. Conclusion: The value of BMI of 30 kg/m2 was inadequate to diagnose obesity, and the values of 25.36 and 27.01 kg/m2 were considered the best cut-off points for obesity in adults and elderly, respectively. Study 3 - Objective: To assess the validity of the BAI to predict body fat in Brazilian women. Methods: DXA was used as a gold standard for determining body fat. The concordance between the percentage of fat measured by DXA and estimated by BAI was obtained through the correlation coefficient of Lin and Bland-Altman analysis. Results: The coefficient of Lin and Bland-Altman analysis showed a low concordance between the methods. Conclusion: The BAI was inadequate for the prediction of body fat for Brazilian women.