Efeitos diretos e indiretos do glyphosate em eucalipto
Autor(a) principal: | |
---|---|
Data de Publicação: | 2006 |
Tipo de documento: | Tese |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV |
Texto Completo: | http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/1251 |
Resumo: | Glyphosate is the most utilized herbicide to weeding control in commercial eucalypt plantations. In these areas, the undesirable contact, through drift, causes a frequent intoxication on eucalypt plants even where high-technology application methods have been adopted. Once glyphosate is of utmost importance in eucalypt culture and also the need to get to know the actual effects of this herbicide on the plant itself and its agrosystem, five experiments have been carried out to evaluate the growth and the leaf micromorphology of eucalypt clones submitted to glyphosate drift, simulated by means of the following subdoses (0; 43,2; 86,4; 172,8 and 345,6 g ha-1 of glyphosate); the epidermic characteristics of five eucalypt species and its relationship with the differential tolerance to glyphosate; to accompany the growth and the production of wood during its cycle at different levels of intoxication by glyphosate and its effects on the severity of rust (Puccinia psidii) on clones of eucalypt with different levels of resistance. The intoxication grades are based on the visual percentage of leaf area of plants with symptoms of intoxication in relation to the control, ranging from 0 to 100% of intoxication, with 0 being absence of symptoms whereas 100% death. Injuries due to glyphosate have been proportional to the increment of subdoses, being represented by leaf wilt, chlorosis towards necrosis, leaf curling and death of apex. Micromorphological damages have been found on tissues apparently healthy at naked eye, being represented by erosion of ceras epicuticulares, cellular hyperplasia and necrosis followed by fungi colonization. There has been a difference between clones and inter-species as to glyfosate tolerance, via drift, highlighting Eucalyptus resinifera which has been the most tolerant when compared to E. saligna, E. grandis, E. pellita and E. urophylla. On the anatomical study of leaf epidermis of the five species has been encountered a high positive correlation (0,94**) between plant intoxication and the number of epidermic cells of the adaxial face; it has not been observed for stomata index, stomata density and cavity density, indicating a possible involvement of the number of cells of adaxial face of epidermis with the differential tolerance to glyphosate. At field conditions, the drift has influenced the growth and wood production. Plants with initial intoxication above 21% presented lesser growth when evaluated 360 days after application (DAA), lesser height and diameter when compared to the control. The drift damage affected the volumetric growth verified at 360 DAA, being the plants with 21 - 30, 31 - 40 and 41 - 50% intoxication rates the ones which presented reduction in wood volume of 17, 26 e 48%, respectively, in relation to the control. On the other hand, under controlled conditions, glyphosate has not reduced the level of resistance to eucalypt rust (P. psidii) on resistant clones, there has been a reduction in numbers of urediniospores per pustules, urediniospores per area and in the area affected by rust on clones non-resistant to the patogen. The results confirm the negative effects of glyphosate drift in eucalypt growth, highlighting the differential tolerance to the herbicide among different genotypes and the absence of connection between glyphosate drift and the increment of severity of rust caused by P. psidii. The effects of glyphosate drift on growth and wood production will be evaluated during the cycle of the culture and the effects of the herbicide on P. psidii should be evaluated in vitro so as to understand better the relationship between patogen x glyphosate x hust. |
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Santos, Leonardo David Tuffihttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4702818P4Meira, Renata Maria Strozi Alveshttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4706996Y7Alfenas, Acelino Coutohttp://lattes.cnpq.br/2514320654462590Ferreira, Francisco Affonsohttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4783387U7Barros, Nairam Félix dehttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4783694P8Freitas, Francisco Cláudio Lopes dehttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4774458Z62015-03-26T12:44:04Z2006-11-072015-03-26T12:44:04Z2006-06-26SANTOS, Leonardo David Tuffi. Direct and indirect effects of glyphosate on eucalypt. 2006. 90 f. Tese (Doutorado em Plantas daninhas, Alelopatia, Herbicidas e Resíduos; Fisiologia de culturas; Manejo pós-colheita de) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, 2006.http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/1251Glyphosate is the most utilized herbicide to weeding control in commercial eucalypt plantations. In these areas, the undesirable contact, through drift, causes a frequent intoxication on eucalypt plants even where high-technology application methods have been adopted. Once glyphosate is of utmost importance in eucalypt culture and also the need to get to know the actual effects of this herbicide on the plant itself and its agrosystem, five experiments have been carried out to evaluate the growth and the leaf micromorphology of eucalypt clones submitted to glyphosate drift, simulated by means of the following subdoses (0; 43,2; 86,4; 172,8 and 345,6 g ha-1 of glyphosate); the epidermic characteristics of five eucalypt species and its relationship with the differential tolerance to glyphosate; to accompany the growth and the production of wood during its cycle at different levels of intoxication by glyphosate and its effects on the severity of rust (Puccinia psidii) on clones of eucalypt with different levels of resistance. The intoxication grades are based on the visual percentage of leaf area of plants with symptoms of intoxication in relation to the control, ranging from 0 to 100% of intoxication, with 0 being absence of symptoms whereas 100% death. Injuries due to glyphosate have been proportional to the increment of subdoses, being represented by leaf wilt, chlorosis towards necrosis, leaf curling and death of apex. Micromorphological damages have been found on tissues apparently healthy at naked eye, being represented by erosion of ceras epicuticulares, cellular hyperplasia and necrosis followed by fungi colonization. There has been a difference between clones and inter-species as to glyfosate tolerance, via drift, highlighting Eucalyptus resinifera which has been the most tolerant when compared to E. saligna, E. grandis, E. pellita and E. urophylla. On the anatomical study of leaf epidermis of the five species has been encountered a high positive correlation (0,94**) between plant intoxication and the number of epidermic cells of the adaxial face; it has not been observed for stomata index, stomata density and cavity density, indicating a possible involvement of the number of cells of adaxial face of epidermis with the differential tolerance to glyphosate. At field conditions, the drift has influenced the growth and wood production. Plants with initial intoxication above 21% presented lesser growth when evaluated 360 days after application (DAA), lesser height and diameter when compared to the control. The drift damage affected the volumetric growth verified at 360 DAA, being the plants with 21 - 30, 31 - 40 and 41 - 50% intoxication rates the ones which presented reduction in wood volume of 17, 26 e 48%, respectively, in relation to the control. On the other hand, under controlled conditions, glyphosate has not reduced the level of resistance to eucalypt rust (P. psidii) on resistant clones, there has been a reduction in numbers of urediniospores per pustules, urediniospores per area and in the area affected by rust on clones non-resistant to the patogen. The results confirm the negative effects of glyphosate drift in eucalypt growth, highlighting the differential tolerance to the herbicide among different genotypes and the absence of connection between glyphosate drift and the increment of severity of rust caused by P. psidii. The effects of glyphosate drift on growth and wood production will be evaluated during the cycle of the culture and the effects of the herbicide on P. psidii should be evaluated in vitro so as to understand better the relationship between patogen x glyphosate x hust.O glyphosate é o herbicida mais utilizado no controle de plantas daninhas em áreas de plantios comerciais de eucalipto. Nessas áreas, o contato indesejado do glyphosate, via deriva, causa freqüente intoxicação das plantas de eucalipto, mesmo onde altos níveis tecnológicos para aplicação são adotados. Diante da importância do glyphosate na eucaliptocultura e da necessidade de conhecer os reais efeitos desse herbicida sobre o eucalipto e seu agrossistema, foram realizados cinco experimentos, para avaliar: o crescimento e a micromorfologia foliar de clones de eucalipto submetidos à deriva de glyphosate, simulada por meio de subdoses (0; 43,2; 86,4; 172,8 e 345,6 g ha-1 de glyphosate); as características epidérmicas de cinco espécies de eucalipto e sua relação com a tolerância diferencial ao glyphosate; o crescimento e a produção de madeira durante o ciclo do eucalipto em plantas com diferentes níveis de intoxicação por glyphosate; e os efeitos do glyphosate na severidade da ferrugem (Puccinia psidii) do eucalipto em clones com diferentes níveis de resistência à doença. As notas de intoxicação pelo glyphosate são baseadas na porcentagem visual da área foliar das plantas com sintomas de intoxicação em relação à testemunha, variando de 0 a 100% de intoxicação, sendo 0 ausência de sintomas visíveis e 100% a morte das plantas. As injúrias provocadas pela deriva do glyphosate foram proporcionais ao aumento das subdoses, sendo representadas por murcha, clorose progredindo para necrose, enrolamento das folhas e morte dos ápices dos ramos. Os danos micromorfológicos foram encontrados em tecidos aparentemente sadios a olho nu, sendo representados por erosão de ceras epicuticulares, hiperplasia celular e necroses seguidas por colonização de fungos. Existe diferença entre clones e entre espécies quanto à tolerância ao glyphosate, via deriva, com destaque para E. resinifera, que foi mais tolerante quando comparado com E. saligna, E. grandis, E. pellita e E. urophylla. No estudo anatômico da epiderme foliar das cinco espécies encontrou-se alta correlação positiva (0,94**) entre a intoxicação das plantas por glyphosate e o número de células epidérmicas da face adaxial da epiderme, o que não foi observado para índice estomático, densidade de estômatos e densidade de cavidades, indicando um possível envolvimento do número de células da face adaxial da epiderme com a tolerância diferencial ao glyphosate. No campo, a deriva de glyphosate influenciou o crescimento e a produção de madeira de eucalipto. Plantas com intoxicação inicial acima de 21% apresentaram menor crescimento na avaliação realizada aos 360 dias após aplicação do herbicida (DAA), com menor altura e diâmetro quando comparadas com plantas testemunhas. Os danos causados pela deriva do glyphosate afetaram o crescimento volumétrico verificado aos 360 DAA; plantas com 21 - 30, 31 - 40 e 41 - 50% de intoxicação apresentaram redução no volume de madeira de 17, 26 e 48%, respectivamente, em relação à testemunha. Por outro lado, em condições controladas, o glyphosate não reduziu o nível de resistência à ferrugem (P. psidii) do eucalipto nos clones resistentes, havendo diminuição do número de urediniósporos por pústulas, urediniósporos por área e na área afetada pela ferrugem nos clones suscetíveis ao patógeno. Os resultados confirmam os efeitos negativos da deriva de glyphosate no crescimento de eucalipto, ressaltando a tolerância diferencial ao herbicida entre genótipos e a não ligação do glyphosate, via deriva, com o aumento da severidade da ferrugem causada por P. psidii. Os efeitos da deriva do glyphosate no crescimento e na produção de madeira serão avaliados durante o ciclo da cultura, e os efeitos do herbicida no fungo P. psidii devem ser avaliados in vitro para melhor entendimento da relação patógeno x glyphosate x hospedeiro.Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológicoapplication/pdfporUniversidade Federal de ViçosaDoutorado em FitotecniaUFVBRPlantas daninhas, Alelopatia, Herbicidas e Resíduos; Fisiologia de culturas; Manejo pós-colheita deEucalyptus sppPuccinia psidiiAnatomia vegetalFitotoxidezHerbicidasToxicologiaErvas daninhasGlifosatoEucalyptus sppPuccinia psidiiPlant anatomyPhytotoxicityHerbicidesToxicologyWeedsGlyphosateCNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ZOOTECNIA::PASTAGEM E FORRAGICULTURA::TOXICOLOGIA E PLANTAS TOXICASEfeitos diretos e indiretos do glyphosate em eucaliptoDirect and indirect effects of glyphosate on eucalyptinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesisinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFVinstname:Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV)instacron:UFVORIGINALtexto completo.pdfapplication/pdf2078188https://locus.ufv.br//bitstream/123456789/1251/1/texto%20completo.pdf1e6e4c237a18ebba550041ce29d247d7MD51TEXTtexto completo.pdf.txttexto completo.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain167028https://locus.ufv.br//bitstream/123456789/1251/2/texto%20completo.pdf.txt01a244ee6ebf90bc4d13b393328b3a56MD52THUMBNAILtexto completo.pdf.jpgtexto completo.pdf.jpgIM Thumbnailimage/jpeg3624https://locus.ufv.br//bitstream/123456789/1251/3/texto%20completo.pdf.jpg1a7fbf8594e7198aa03de017955d1e6aMD53123456789/12512016-04-07 23:01:05.135oai:locus.ufv.br:123456789/1251Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttps://www.locus.ufv.br/oai/requestfabiojreis@ufv.bropendoar:21452016-04-08T02:01:05LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV - Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV)false |
dc.title.por.fl_str_mv |
Efeitos diretos e indiretos do glyphosate em eucalipto |
dc.title.alternative.eng.fl_str_mv |
Direct and indirect effects of glyphosate on eucalypt |
title |
Efeitos diretos e indiretos do glyphosate em eucalipto |
spellingShingle |
Efeitos diretos e indiretos do glyphosate em eucalipto Santos, Leonardo David Tuffi Eucalyptus spp Puccinia psidii Anatomia vegetal Fitotoxidez Herbicidas Toxicologia Ervas daninhas Glifosato Eucalyptus spp Puccinia psidii Plant anatomy Phytotoxicity Herbicides Toxicology Weeds Glyphosate CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ZOOTECNIA::PASTAGEM E FORRAGICULTURA::TOXICOLOGIA E PLANTAS TOXICAS |
title_short |
Efeitos diretos e indiretos do glyphosate em eucalipto |
title_full |
Efeitos diretos e indiretos do glyphosate em eucalipto |
title_fullStr |
Efeitos diretos e indiretos do glyphosate em eucalipto |
title_full_unstemmed |
Efeitos diretos e indiretos do glyphosate em eucalipto |
title_sort |
Efeitos diretos e indiretos do glyphosate em eucalipto |
author |
Santos, Leonardo David Tuffi |
author_facet |
Santos, Leonardo David Tuffi |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.authorLattes.por.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4702818P4 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Santos, Leonardo David Tuffi |
dc.contributor.advisor-co1.fl_str_mv |
Meira, Renata Maria Strozi Alves |
dc.contributor.advisor-co1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4706996Y7 |
dc.contributor.advisor-co2.fl_str_mv |
Alfenas, Acelino Couto |
dc.contributor.advisor-co2Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/2514320654462590 |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Ferreira, Francisco Affonso |
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4783387U7 |
dc.contributor.referee1.fl_str_mv |
Barros, Nairam Félix de |
dc.contributor.referee1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4783694P8 |
dc.contributor.referee2.fl_str_mv |
Freitas, Francisco Cláudio Lopes de |
dc.contributor.referee2Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4774458Z6 |
contributor_str_mv |
Meira, Renata Maria Strozi Alves Alfenas, Acelino Couto Ferreira, Francisco Affonso Barros, Nairam Félix de Freitas, Francisco Cláudio Lopes de |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Eucalyptus spp Puccinia psidii Anatomia vegetal Fitotoxidez Herbicidas Toxicologia Ervas daninhas Glifosato |
topic |
Eucalyptus spp Puccinia psidii Anatomia vegetal Fitotoxidez Herbicidas Toxicologia Ervas daninhas Glifosato Eucalyptus spp Puccinia psidii Plant anatomy Phytotoxicity Herbicides Toxicology Weeds Glyphosate CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ZOOTECNIA::PASTAGEM E FORRAGICULTURA::TOXICOLOGIA E PLANTAS TOXICAS |
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv |
Eucalyptus spp Puccinia psidii Plant anatomy Phytotoxicity Herbicides Toxicology Weeds Glyphosate |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ZOOTECNIA::PASTAGEM E FORRAGICULTURA::TOXICOLOGIA E PLANTAS TOXICAS |
description |
Glyphosate is the most utilized herbicide to weeding control in commercial eucalypt plantations. In these areas, the undesirable contact, through drift, causes a frequent intoxication on eucalypt plants even where high-technology application methods have been adopted. Once glyphosate is of utmost importance in eucalypt culture and also the need to get to know the actual effects of this herbicide on the plant itself and its agrosystem, five experiments have been carried out to evaluate the growth and the leaf micromorphology of eucalypt clones submitted to glyphosate drift, simulated by means of the following subdoses (0; 43,2; 86,4; 172,8 and 345,6 g ha-1 of glyphosate); the epidermic characteristics of five eucalypt species and its relationship with the differential tolerance to glyphosate; to accompany the growth and the production of wood during its cycle at different levels of intoxication by glyphosate and its effects on the severity of rust (Puccinia psidii) on clones of eucalypt with different levels of resistance. The intoxication grades are based on the visual percentage of leaf area of plants with symptoms of intoxication in relation to the control, ranging from 0 to 100% of intoxication, with 0 being absence of symptoms whereas 100% death. Injuries due to glyphosate have been proportional to the increment of subdoses, being represented by leaf wilt, chlorosis towards necrosis, leaf curling and death of apex. Micromorphological damages have been found on tissues apparently healthy at naked eye, being represented by erosion of ceras epicuticulares, cellular hyperplasia and necrosis followed by fungi colonization. There has been a difference between clones and inter-species as to glyfosate tolerance, via drift, highlighting Eucalyptus resinifera which has been the most tolerant when compared to E. saligna, E. grandis, E. pellita and E. urophylla. On the anatomical study of leaf epidermis of the five species has been encountered a high positive correlation (0,94**) between plant intoxication and the number of epidermic cells of the adaxial face; it has not been observed for stomata index, stomata density and cavity density, indicating a possible involvement of the number of cells of adaxial face of epidermis with the differential tolerance to glyphosate. At field conditions, the drift has influenced the growth and wood production. Plants with initial intoxication above 21% presented lesser growth when evaluated 360 days after application (DAA), lesser height and diameter when compared to the control. The drift damage affected the volumetric growth verified at 360 DAA, being the plants with 21 - 30, 31 - 40 and 41 - 50% intoxication rates the ones which presented reduction in wood volume of 17, 26 e 48%, respectively, in relation to the control. On the other hand, under controlled conditions, glyphosate has not reduced the level of resistance to eucalypt rust (P. psidii) on resistant clones, there has been a reduction in numbers of urediniospores per pustules, urediniospores per area and in the area affected by rust on clones non-resistant to the patogen. The results confirm the negative effects of glyphosate drift in eucalypt growth, highlighting the differential tolerance to the herbicide among different genotypes and the absence of connection between glyphosate drift and the increment of severity of rust caused by P. psidii. The effects of glyphosate drift on growth and wood production will be evaluated during the cycle of the culture and the effects of the herbicide on P. psidii should be evaluated in vitro so as to understand better the relationship between patogen x glyphosate x hust. |
publishDate |
2006 |
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv |
2006-11-07 2015-03-26T12:44:04Z |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2006-06-26 |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2015-03-26T12:44:04Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
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doctoralThesis |
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publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.citation.fl_str_mv |
SANTOS, Leonardo David Tuffi. Direct and indirect effects of glyphosate on eucalypt. 2006. 90 f. Tese (Doutorado em Plantas daninhas, Alelopatia, Herbicidas e Resíduos; Fisiologia de culturas; Manejo pós-colheita de) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, 2006. |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/1251 |
identifier_str_mv |
SANTOS, Leonardo David Tuffi. Direct and indirect effects of glyphosate on eucalypt. 2006. 90 f. Tese (Doutorado em Plantas daninhas, Alelopatia, Herbicidas e Resíduos; Fisiologia de culturas; Manejo pós-colheita de) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, 2006. |
url |
http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/1251 |
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa |
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Doutorado em Fitotecnia |
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UFV |
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BR |
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Plantas daninhas, Alelopatia, Herbicidas e Resíduos; Fisiologia de culturas; Manejo pós-colheita de |
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa |
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