Herança e relação dos caracteres fisiológicos e de raízes com a eficiência no uso da água em milho

• Autor(a) principal: Coutinho, Paulo Henrique
• Data de Publicação: 2011
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/4543
• topic: Herança; Relação; Estresse abiótico; Eficiência no uso da água; Milho; Inheritance; Relationship; Abiotic stress; Efficiency in water use; Corn; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::FITOTECNIA

Abiotic stress caused by water deficit accounts for limitations of agriculture yield in marginal tropical weather regions. Because this event is related with others as for example high temperature, col and salinity, the impact on the crops become even greater. The existence of variability of water use efficiency (WUEf), which the relationship between crop yield and its evapotranspiration, allows the selection of more efficient resources in the use of this resource. Thus, the objective of this work was to study the relationship between root and physiologic characters and gene effects controlling those characters, in two contrasting conditions of water availability in corn linages. Therefore, it was evaluated six linages and their hybrid combinations in experiments in greenhouses at Universidade Federal de Viçosa, in 2010 and 2011. The plants were analyzed at the completed expanded 9-leaf phonologic stage (V9). Planting was done in 8- dm3 pots filled with substrate made up with six parts of soil and one part of washed sand, in two water availability conditions: 80% field capacity (FC) and 60% FC. It was used a complete random design with two replicates in factorial scheme (21 genotypes ×2 water availability levels). Genotypes presented contrasting behavior in relation to root and physiologic traits and to water use efficiency, in the two conditions of water availability. It was observed predominance of non-additive gene effects on the evaluated traits and selection for those traits will be performed based on performance of hybrid combinations, to make grater yield profits. By track analysis, it was identified that hydraulic safety trait, which is the relationship between total leaf area of each plant and the stem diameter, can be used in the indirect selection of water use efficiency genotypes in ideal conditions of water availability. In this study, it was not identified traits in the indirect selection for WUEf in water deficit, evidencing the complexity of this trait.