Relação solo-vegetação em mata ciliar do Rio Gualaxo do Norte, município de Mariana, Minas Gerais

• Autor(a) principal: Gonçalves, Iolanda de Sena
• Data de Publicação: 2009
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/2995
• topic: Hidrologia florestal; Zona ripária; Fenologia; Forest hydrology; Riparian zone; Phenology; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::RECURSOS FLORESTAIS E ENGENHARIA FLORESTAL::CONSERVACAO DA NATUREZA

The objetctives of this work were to study the floristics and phytossociologic structure of the arboreous vegetation of a section of riparian forest in the River Gualaxo do Norte, to determine the distribution of arboreous species of the riparian could be correlated with soil factors and to indicate species for the reclamation of riparian forests, to verify the phenological variation of the vegetation in relation to the proximity of the channel of the river and finally to identify the riparian zone through the behavior phenological of the species as these they stand back of the course of water. For that, sampling was made one hectare divided in three blocks with different steepness. All of the individuals with a trunk circumference at 1,30m above ground equal to on greater then 15 cm werw recorded. Simple samples of soil were collected (0 - 20 cm of depth), that soon afterwards were submitted to the chemical analysis. The ordination of the soil and vegetation data was accomplished by the analysis of canonical correspondence. The species used for analyses phenologicals were Inga sessilis, Croton floribundus, Cupania vernalis, Hyeronimia alchorneoides and Dalbergia nigra. For each species selected for the phenological evaluation, it was chosen the stage phenological of larger intensity in the appraised period. The floristic survey related a total of 109 species distributed in 82 genera and 32 botanical families. The families that presented larger number of species were: Fabaceae (24), Rubiaceae (10), Lauraceae (8), Myrtaceae and Euphorbiaceae (7), Annonaceae (6) and Flacourticace (5), which constituted approximately 61,5% of the total number of identified species. The ten species of larger value of importance were: Croton floribundus, Inga sessilis, Hyeronima alchorneoides, would Sew buttonholes sp., Criptocarya aschersoniana, Platypodium elegans, Cupania vernalis, Cecropia glasiovi, Pseudopiptadenis contorta and Casearia gossypioaperma, totaling 32,9% of the individuals registered, being the remaining, 67,1%, distributed among 99 species. The Shannon índex (H') was 4,18 and equability (J') was 0,89. The analysis of canonical correspondence (CCA) that indicated that variations in the chemical fertility, acidity of the soil and height along the topographical gradient are influencing the distribution of the arboreous vegetation along the topographical gradient. S. terebinthifolius, O. pulchella, C. sylvestris, R. longifolia, D. cuneatus, M. stiptatum, T. granulosa, O. odorifera, V. piptocarphoides, D. villosa, Vismia sp., and M. aculeatum are correlated with soils less acid, more fertile and closer to the river, presenting potential for the forest restoration in riparian zones. The species of Cupania vernalis and Inga sessilis, didn't present in the period of the observations an evident stage phenological. The proximity of the river influenced the flowering of the species H. achorneoides and C. Floribundus, tends the level of the sheet freático as variable factor in those areas. The fall of leaves of D. nigra doesn't suffer evident influence of the level of the ground water table. Although an evident relationship of the proximity of the river exists with the flowering of the species H. alchorneoides and C. floribundus, those data are not enough to delimit the riparian zone, but this suggests that more lingering studies can indicate an area of larger interaction with the phenology of some species.