Eficiência econômica e ambiental da produção leiteira em Minas Gerais

• Autor(a) principal: Campos, Samuel Alex Coelho
• Data de Publicação: 2011
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/51
• topic: Eficiência econômica; Eficiência ambiental; Leite; Minas Gerais; Economic efficiency; Environmental efficiency; Milk; Minas Gerais; CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ECONOMIA::ECONOMIAS AGRARIA E DOS RECURSOS NATURAIS

This study analyzed the economic and environmental efficiency of milk production in Minas Gerais in 2005. This study is relevant because milk production in Minas Gerais is both economic and socially important, this state is relevant to the national production and due to the pollution potential of nitrogen resulting from milk production on the environment and human health. The production theory, specifically the concept of efficiency, and the materials balance approach were used as theoretical framework in this study. This theoretical framework allowed estimating the technical, economic and environmental performance, both in the short and the long term. The performance of producers was analyzed in relation to two production systems: intensive and extensive, in the short term. These production systems were present in 25% and 75% of production systems, respectively. The technical, environmental and economic efficiencies were low for both systems, although the performance of intensive producers was higher than extensive producers. The inefficiency of scale was an important factor in the explanation of inefficiency. Results showed that improving the environmental performance would involve costs to producers. Both systems have high technical and economic efficiency in the long run, however, the extensive and intensive producers had low and high environmental efficiency, respectively. Pursuing environmental efficiency also leads to costs for producers of both production systems in the long run. The relationship between socioeconomic and institutional variables and the performance of the producers wasanalyzed by quantile regressions. In the extensive system improved performance is related to the intensity of production or hiring manager and in the intensive system improved performance is related to increased time spent by the producer in activity and improvement in the genetic characteristics of the herd for milk production in the short term under the economic perspective. Improving the environmental performance could be achieved by increasing the intensity of production and the genetic characteristics of the herd for milk production in the short term to extensive producers. For intensive producers, the improvement would be possible through training and increases in production. Increasing the intensity and scale of production is related to reductions in emissions in the long run for both systems.