Gradiente e diversidade numa floresta Atlântica primária do sul da Bahia

• Autor(a) principal: Matos, Fabio Antonio Ribeiro
• Data de Publicação: 2012
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/2538
• topic: Gradiente edáfico; Diversidade; Floresta de Tabuleiro; Soil gradient; Diversity; Forest of Tabuleiro; CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::BOTANICA

This work aimed to study the effects of gradients of soil and light on the diversity, structure and distribuition of species abundance of tree and shrub compenents. The initial hypothesis is that the gradient of soil and light explain the differences in diversity, structure and distribuition of species abundance in the plots of the different topographic units in one hectare of Tableland forest in southern Bahia. The tree and shrub components were sampled using plots along the gradient slope, being allocated 20 plots of 10 m x 10 m in each topographic unit (Low, Lower third, Middle third, Upper third and Top). In each plot, we recorded all individuals with CBH ≥ 10 cm. To characterize edaphic soil samples were collected per plot. The characterization was performed using light hemisferical photograohs. Were found 292 species. In the Lower 169 species were indentified, 165 in the Lower third, 158 in Middle third, 171 in the Upper third and 150 en the Top . A total of 58 botanical families were recognized, and those with the greatest richness were Myrtaceae, Fabaceae, Lauraceae and Sapotaceae. The richest in species were Eugenia, Ocotea, Miconia, Pouteria and Licania. The soil characteristics showed variation between plots in each topographic unit, but the means differ slightly between units. The Shannon diversity (H ) for one hectare was 4.83. Among the Five different topographic units diversity was higher than 4.61 in the Upper third, followed by Low (4.55), Top (4.52), Middle third (4.51) e de 4.48 in the Lower third. The evenness (J ) totaled 0.85. The J had the highest value in the Upper third and Top (0.90), followed by Low and Midlle third (0.89), the lowest value being observed for the Lower third (0.88). The floristic composition was less similarity between the extremes of the gradient. The soil gradient was found to be weak and little affect the distribution of species abundance, diversity and structure. The results reinforce the idea that stochastic patterns may be mmore prevalent on the environmental organization in the comunity studied.