Extração de óleo da torta de pinhão manso (Jatropha curcas L.) com etanol para remoção de éster de forbol

• Autor(a) principal: Cruz, Marcelle Rodrigues da
• Data de Publicação: 2012
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/2919
• topic: Jatropha curcas; Pinhão manso; Extração de óleo; Etanol; Jatropha curcas; Extraction of oil; Ethanol; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::CIENCIA E TECNOLOGIA DE ALIMENTOS::TECNOLOGIA DE ALIMENTOS

The solubility of Jatropha oil in different concentrations of aqueous ethanol was evaluated at different temperatures. Azeotropic ethanol was used to extract oil and phorbol esters from Jatropha whole seed press cake in bench and pilot plant tests. The oils extracted with ethanol and hexane were compared. Solubility of oil in aqueous ethanol increases with ethanol concentration and temperature. At 343 K (70 oC) solubilities of Jatropha oil in 99,3, 96,0 e 92,0 g ethanol/100 g aqueous ethanol was 13,88; 3,17 and 1,26 g/100 mL micela. During bench tests with azeotropic ethanol concentration of lipids in the micelas ranged from 0,4 a 0,6 g lipids/100 g micela. Maximum concentration was attained after 60 minutes of extracion. Non volatile matter such as protein, sugars and small particles were extracted as well, the quantities decreasing as extrations proceeded, but always more than lipids. With four extractions lipid concentration dropped from 7,5 % in the press cake to 1,0 in the marc. Forbol esters concentration dropped from 5,93 mg/g in the press cake to 0,015 mg/g in the marc. This indicates the possibility of using ethanol to extract oil and forbol esters from Jatropha press cake. During pilot plant tests after five stages in countercurrent extraction the oil content in the marc was reduced to 1,0 % and forbol esters concentration dropped to 0,017 mg/g. Compositions of oils extracted with ethanol or hexane were found to be similar but the concentration of phorbol esters was 0,22 mg /g in the ethanol extracted oil and 0,06 mg /g in the hexane extracted oil.