Produção de forragem e desempenho de cabritos em pastejo

• Autor(a) principal: Queiroz, Clarindo Inácio de Aparecida
• Data de Publicação: 2010
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/1749
• topic: Creatinina; Bovinos; Exigências; Creatinine; Cattle; Requirements; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ZOOTECNIA::PRODUCAO ANIMAL::MANEJO DE ANIMAIS

Methods of managing goats under direct grazing system were compared. Production of dry matter (DM), the chemical composition of forages, and animal desempenho and carcass measurements were evaluated in goats under intensive grazing. Three genus of forages were chosen to compose the system: the Tifton 85 grass as Cynodon, the legume leucaena, of the genus leucaena and mulberries of the genus Morus. The four system of management adopted were: the sole supply of Tifton, the exclusive Tifton complemented with a mixture of concentrate on the level of 1.5% of animal mass, the maintenance of the animals on a pasture of Tifton for 10 hours and 2 hours in a field of leucaena, and, finally, the combination of the same process with Tifton and mulberries. Goat desempenho was evaluated by measuring average daily gain in a period of 112 days, from the time they were 82 days old and with an initial body weight of 14 kg. A complete randomized design was used to compare animal desempenho. In the study with forages, it was concluded that in a direct grazing system for growing kids the grass Tifton 85 with 18 days of age and height of 23 cm, the mulberry tree with 30 days of age and height of 68 cm; and leucaena with 30 days of age and 54 cm are better utilized by these animals, providing a greater amount of available nutrients. The animal desempenho, measured by the rate of weight gain, was higher for the treatment system using a combination Tifton and leucaena, with an average daily gain of 75.4 g, differing (P <0.05) from the others. Weight gains obtained with animals consuming both the combination of Tifton and concentrates and Tifton and mulberry were intermediate and did not differed statistically but higher (P<0.05) as compared to daily gain 34.3 g of animals consuming only Tifton in their diet. Animals under methods of management (MM) 2, 3 and 4 showed similar measures for body length (CC), heart girth (PT), hip height (AP), and thorax width (LP) , with superior values (P <0.05) as compared to MM1.All correlations between variables presented coefficients higher than 0.96. The highest correlations were observed between PT and CC (0.999). The average values observed for length of carcass (CEC), rump width (LG) and flank circumference (PG) did not differ among the MM2, MM3 and MM4. Highest value was observed for shoulder width (LT) (20.5 cm), in animals of MM4 which differed (P <0.05) from others studied. The measurement of CEC was highly correlated with LG (.983) and PG (0.995). Similar values were not observed when the ECC and LT measures were correlated, which were of 0.470. The average hot carcass yield (RCQ) of animals from MM2 and MM3 did not differ from each other (P> 0.05), presenting similar values (37.53 and 37.17%). The RCQ presented a high correlation with the cold carcass yield (RCF) (0.993), but when both were correlated with the body weight, lower values were observed (0.412 and 0.515), respectively. Similar values (P> 0.05) were observed for the variables weight of cuts of legs, ribs, loin and shoulder in animals of MM2, MM3 and MM4, differing (P < 0.05) from animals under MM1. Weight of leg was highly correlated with the weight of shoulder (0.990). Higher yield for cuts was observed for variable leg with values ranging from 31.9% (MM3) to 32.6% (MM1) followed by yields of shoulder and rib with an average of 20.4% and 20.0%, respectively.