Estrutura genética e filogeografia molecular de populações naturais de Acrocomia aculeata nos estados de Minas Gerais e São Paulo

• Autor(a) principal: Silva, Luiz Cláudio Costa
• Data de Publicação: 2013
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/4785
• topic: Macaúba; Microssatélites; Biodiesel; Macaw palm; Microsatellites; Biodiesel; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::FITOTECNIA::MELHORAMENTO VEGETAL

The growing worldwide search for renewable energy sources has directed several studies with oleaginous species, aiming biodiesel production. Among the many native species with potential for oil production, the macaw palm (Areceaceae: Acrocomia aculeate (Jacq.) Lood. Ex Mart.)) stands out for its great yield potential and lower demand for water, and the perspective for generating for employment and income. This study aimed to investigate the genetic structure and the phylogeography patterns of Acrocomia aculeata populations on Minas Gerais and São Paulo states. The studies were performed from 64 palm trees sampling distributed in natural occurrence sites of the species, and eight individuals of a Active Germplasm Bank from palm trees sampled in different states. The 64 palm trees were genotyped through five microsatellites markers (SSR) and 11 ISSR markers, and we performed the sequencing of the ITS region of the RNA ribossomal nuclear genes, and the trnT-trnL cpDNA spacer of all individuals. The high value of fixation index found indicate that species has a mixed mating system. Cluster analyses and AMOVA revealed that there is a degree of genetic structure, in relation of the collection points, but the most of genetic variability is inside the groups formed a priori. Despite appearing to harbor polymorphic sites, was not possible to perform the full alignment of the trnT-trnL spacer sequences. The sequencing of the ITS region generated a 667 bp fragment, harboring 4 polymorphic sites that differed 4 haplotypes. The low level of polymorphism found suggests that occupation of the area by A. aculeata were recent. Two individuals located on Northeast region and two individuals located on southwestern of the Mato Grosso do Sul state harboring half of the haplotypic variability found. Although AMOVA to indicate that sampling within groups is more appropriated for the sampled area, the generated data by ITS sequences indicate the sampling in other regions, such as Mato Grosso do Sul state and Northeast region, may reveal significant levels of genetic variability.