Turismo rural nas montanhas capixabas: como vivem e trabalham mulheres e homens em um campo em transformação

• Autor(a) principal: Nascimento, Patrícia Ferraz do
• Data de Publicação: 2013
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/4186
• topic: Urbanização do campo; Relações de gênero; Autonomia feminina; Countryside urbanization; Genre relationships; Women autonomy; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::EXTENSAO RURAL

It is known by the sociological and gender literature that male and female relations and their roles have always had a hard and uneven character under traditional rural settings. But, with the social, economic, and cultural transformations that are coming to the rural society, the conditions of women life and work seem to be changing; the growing importance of non-agricultural activities on properties is among the reasons for that. Thus, the present study aims to analyze the changes in rural society due to the approach of urban livelihoods caused by rural tourism and its relation to the life and work conditions of women and men in the countryside and with female autonomy. For this purpose, analysis of secondary data was used extracted from microdata base of Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílio-PNAD (National Survey of Sampled Households) involving the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil, and questionnaires applied to some residents of Venda Nova do Imigrante and Domingos Martins. Data were systematized and analyzed using SPSS 20.0 software and complementarily by the analysis of the respondents' statements. The dissertation brought a discussion on the main used theories for considering the rural and urban relationships and implications on rural livelihoods and work transformations, as well as a review of gender issues and women s autonomy in the countryside. Based on collected data, it was possible to describe the gradual transition from bricolage (DIY - Do It Yourself) to métier (professional work) in field working and how all other changes occur around the livelihoods. Overall, a hybridity and a thin line of separation between the two ways of thinking about the work were observed; however, the statistics revealed a greater tendency to point the work as a professional work. It is important also to highlight the tourism influence on the diversification of social countryside groups, showing that the tourism is no longer thought only by agricultural bias, but it becomes a consumer space, facing residence and leisure activities. In relation to gender, work, and women autonomy, it was observed that the variables related to training, sexual division of labor, title of ownership, project, decision-making power in relation to tourism activity, and valuation of women's work showed the women importance and value in rural tourism. Regarding to domestic activity fulfillment, education, credit access, and decision-making in agriculture, there was less progress. Thus, the research confirms the view that women involved in rural tourism are managing to break the barriers resulting from this new work, despite the historical gender inequalities. These women are asserting themselves as protagonists of their own history.