Influência dos perfis de precipitação nas perdas de solo e água

• Autor(a) principal: Montebeller, Claudinei Antonio
• Data de Publicação: 2009
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/661
• topic: Erosão; Simulador de chuvas; Intensidade; Erosion; Rainfall simulator; Intensity; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ENGENHARIA AGRICOLA

Rainfall is considered the main climatic factor related to the degradation of agricultural lands, and among their characteristics the intensity stands out as the main conditioning factor of the erosive process. The present work had the objective of evaluating the influence of different precipitation profiles in the soil and water losses. Four precipitation profiles were considered: exponential negative, forwarded double exponential, delayed double exponential and a profile with constant intensity, being the total applied depth of 55 mm and duration of 30 min. The simulator was installed in an experimental area with Inceptsol. The treatments consisted in the simulation of the four precipitation profiles in conditions of bare soil, applied three times in 24 h-intervals, characterizing three initial conditions of soil moisture: low, medium and high. Thus the treatments were defined based on the combination of the precipitation profiles and the conditions of initial soil moisture, using six replications. It was used a completely randomized design, and the water and soil losses data were submitted to the analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Tukey's test (5%). During the first application, which consisted in the simulation of rains in soils with low initial moisture there was not superficial runoff, consequently there was not soil loss. In the second application, where the soils were with intermediate initial moisture, differences among the treatments were not obtained due to the high variability observed. In the third application, statistically significant differences among the treatments were found for soils with conditions of high moisture. The largest losses of water and soil were obtained with the negative exponential profile, followed by the delayed, forwarded and constant profiles. Therefore, it was possible to conclude that there was influence of the precipitation profiles on the soil and water losses, however only for the treatments with soils of high moisture.