Estudo da mobilidade de metais pesados em um solo residual compactado
Autor(a) principal: | |
---|---|
Data de Publicação: | 2006 |
Tipo de documento: | Tese |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV |
Texto Completo: | http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/811 |
Resumo: | Several factors have created conditions to a great world population growth that implicates in a larger generation of residues and, as a consequence, in an increase of water, air and soil contamination. Heavy metals, toxic in specified concentrations, are important contaminant. The contamination of a soil by heavy metals are, mainly, due to municipal and industrial waste disposition, atmospheric deposition due to automotive vehicles and industries, as well as, agriculture practices with the progressively higher use of fertilizes, pesticides and correctives. Compacted tropical soils, associated or not with geotextiles, have been used in liners in areas of disposition of urban and industrial waste. This practice, however, creates some uncertainties due to little knowledge about the utilization of this material for this purpose. In this sense, more studies have to be developed about interactions that occur between tropical soils and contaminant solutions, because these interactions can modify some of the soil properties as, the hydraulic conductivity, the diffusion coefficient, the retarding factor and the coefficient of hydrodynamic dispersion, important in the contaminant transport in soils. Having in mind the shortage of information available in the literature concerning these parameters for Brazilian tropical soils, it is studied, in this work the mobility of six heavy metals in a residual gneissic compacted soil. Three groups of tests were performed with the same compacted soil, however, each group with compaction degrees and water contents slightly different. For Group I samples, the testing program consisted of column tests to evaluate the influence of the soil structure in the hydraulic conductivity and the mobility parameters of a synthetic contaminant solution made of made of nitrates of six heavy metals, Mn, Zn, Cd, Cu, Pb and Cr. Batch tests were also realized as well as, chemical, physical and micro morphological analyses that served to support discussions about the previous test results.With the samples of Groups II and III, only column tests were performed. The Group II tests were performed percolating the same contaminant solution used in Group I. Group II tests aimed at to confirm the tests performed by Nascentes (2003) and Azevedo et al. (2003), since the results obtained in the Group I tests were, unexpectedly, different from the ones verified in that work. In the tests of Group III, samples were percolated, one only with distilled water and, two others, only with rain water. The objective of these tests was to establish differences since tests in Group I and II used only distilled water and, in real cases, percolation is obviously made with rain water. Among the several conclusions that may be withdrawn from this work, it is emphasized that the percolation with distilled water in the initial phase of the column tests to saturate, without back pressure, the soil, influences the results, since the soil structure is altered, especially when a large porous volume is percolated. With relation to the mobility of the six heavy metals studied, it was observed that there was no relationship between the manganese adsorption and the hydraulic conductivity of the soil. This means that the mobility of this metal is independent of flow velocity. This conclusion is important because, even if the liner material has low hydraulic conductivity, a great mobility of Mn may occur, leading to the contamination of lower soil layers and the ground water. |
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Nascentes, Rejanehttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4760421E2Azevedo, Izabel Christina D' Almeida Duarte dehttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4784884E2Fontes, Maurício Paulo Ferreirahttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4721443T4Matos, Antonio Teixeira dehttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4783529H2Barbosa, Maria Claudiahttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4789146U0Boscov, Maria Eugenia Gimenezhttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4786433Z02015-03-26T12:34:06Z2006-12-202015-03-26T12:34:06Z2006-03-31NASCENTES, Rejane. Study of heavy metal mobility in a compacted residual soil. 2006. 174 f. Tese (Doutorado em Geotecnia) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, 2006.http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/811Several factors have created conditions to a great world population growth that implicates in a larger generation of residues and, as a consequence, in an increase of water, air and soil contamination. Heavy metals, toxic in specified concentrations, are important contaminant. The contamination of a soil by heavy metals are, mainly, due to municipal and industrial waste disposition, atmospheric deposition due to automotive vehicles and industries, as well as, agriculture practices with the progressively higher use of fertilizes, pesticides and correctives. Compacted tropical soils, associated or not with geotextiles, have been used in liners in areas of disposition of urban and industrial waste. This practice, however, creates some uncertainties due to little knowledge about the utilization of this material for this purpose. In this sense, more studies have to be developed about interactions that occur between tropical soils and contaminant solutions, because these interactions can modify some of the soil properties as, the hydraulic conductivity, the diffusion coefficient, the retarding factor and the coefficient of hydrodynamic dispersion, important in the contaminant transport in soils. Having in mind the shortage of information available in the literature concerning these parameters for Brazilian tropical soils, it is studied, in this work the mobility of six heavy metals in a residual gneissic compacted soil. Three groups of tests were performed with the same compacted soil, however, each group with compaction degrees and water contents slightly different. For Group I samples, the testing program consisted of column tests to evaluate the influence of the soil structure in the hydraulic conductivity and the mobility parameters of a synthetic contaminant solution made of made of nitrates of six heavy metals, Mn, Zn, Cd, Cu, Pb and Cr. Batch tests were also realized as well as, chemical, physical and micro morphological analyses that served to support discussions about the previous test results.With the samples of Groups II and III, only column tests were performed. The Group II tests were performed percolating the same contaminant solution used in Group I. Group II tests aimed at to confirm the tests performed by Nascentes (2003) and Azevedo et al. (2003), since the results obtained in the Group I tests were, unexpectedly, different from the ones verified in that work. In the tests of Group III, samples were percolated, one only with distilled water and, two others, only with rain water. The objective of these tests was to establish differences since tests in Group I and II used only distilled water and, in real cases, percolation is obviously made with rain water. Among the several conclusions that may be withdrawn from this work, it is emphasized that the percolation with distilled water in the initial phase of the column tests to saturate, without back pressure, the soil, influences the results, since the soil structure is altered, especially when a large porous volume is percolated. With relation to the mobility of the six heavy metals studied, it was observed that there was no relationship between the manganese adsorption and the hydraulic conductivity of the soil. This means that the mobility of this metal is independent of flow velocity. This conclusion is important because, even if the liner material has low hydraulic conductivity, a great mobility of Mn may occur, leading to the contamination of lower soil layers and the ground water.Vários fatores têm criado condições para um grande crescimento da população mundial que implica em uma maior geração de resíduos e, por conseqüência, em um aumento da poluição nas águas, no ar e nos solos. Os metais pesados, tóxicos em determinadas concentrações, são contaminantes importantes. A contaminação do solo por metais advém, principalmente, da disposição de resíduos urbanos domiciliares e industriais, da deposição atmosférica proveniente de emissões de veículos automotivos e das indústrias e, também, das práticas agrícolas, pelo uso cada vez mais intenso de fertilizantes, corretivos e pesticidas. Solos tropicais compactados, associados ou não com geomembranas, têm sido empregados em barreiras selantes em áreas de disposição de resíduos urbanos ou industriais. Esta utilização, entretanto, ainda gera incertezas devido ao pouco conhecimento sobre o emprego destes materiais para esta finalidade. Neste sentido, mais estudos devem ser desenvolvidos sobre as interações que ocorrem entre os solos tropicais e as soluções contaminantes, porque estas interações podem modificar algumas propriedades do solo como a condutividade hidráulica, o coeficiente de difusão, o fator de retardamento e o coeficiente de dispersão hidrodinâmica, importantes nos processos de transporte de contaminantes nos solos. Tendo em vista a escassez de informações na literatura sobre estes parâmetros para os solos tropicais brasileiros, estuda-se, neste trabalho, a mobilidade de seis metais pesados em um solo residual de gnaisse compactado. Foram realizados três grupos (I, II, III) de ensaios com o mesmo tipo de solo compactado, porém, cada grupo com grau de compactação e teor de umidade ligeiramente diferentes. Para as amostras do Grupo I, foram realizados ensaios em coluna para avaliar a influência da estrutura compactada na condutividade hidráulica e nos parâmetros de transporte de uma solução contaminante produzida artificialmente a partir de nitratos de seis metais pesados, Mn, Zn, Cd, Cu, Pb e Cr. Foram, também, realizados ensaios de equilíbrio em lote e, por fim, análises químicas, física e micromorfológicas que serviram para apoiar a discussão dos resultados dos ensaios anteriores. Com as amostras dos Grupos II e III só foram realizados ensaios em coluna. No Grupo II, os ensaios foram realizados percolando-se a mesma solução contaminante usada no Grupo I. Este grupo teve por objetivo confirmar os ensaios realizados por Nascentes (2003) e Azevedo et al. (2003), visto que os resultados obtidos no Grupo I se mostraram inesperadamente diferentes daqueles observados naquele trabalho. Nos ensaios do Grupo III, duas amostras foram percoladas somente com água de chuva e outra somente com água destilada. Este grupo teve por objetivo estabelecer diferenças, uma vez que nos ensaios dos Grupos I e II utilizou-se água destilada e, em casos reais, a percolação é, obviamente, feita com água de chuva. Dentre as várias conclusões a que o trabalho conduziu, destaca-se que a percolação com água destilada, na fase inicial dos ensaios em coluna, para saturar, sem contra-pressão, o solo influi nos resultados, já que a estrutura do solo é alterada especialmente quando se percola um grande volume de poros. Com relação à mobilidade dos seis metais estudados, observou-se não haver relação entre a adsorção do manganês e a condutividade hidráulica do solo estudado. Isto indica que a mobilidade deste metal independe da velocidade do fluxo. Ressalta-se a importância desta conclusão porque, mesmo que as barreiras selantes possuam baixos valores de condutividade hidráulica, a grande mobilidade do Mn pode fazer com que este elemento atinja camadas de solo inferiores, podendo causar contaminação do solo e das águas subterrâneas.Universidade Federal de Viçosaapplication/pdfporUniversidade Federal de ViçosaDoutorado em Engenharia CivilUFVBRGeotecniaSolosContaminaçãoMetais pesadosTransporte de contaminantesSoilsContaminationHeavy metalsContaminant transportCNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA CIVIL::GEOTECNICAEstudo da mobilidade de metais pesados em um solo residual compactadoStudy of heavy metal mobility in a compacted residual soilinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesisinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFVinstname:Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV)instacron:UFVORIGINALtexto completo.pdfapplication/pdf4476221https://locus.ufv.br//bitstream/123456789/811/1/texto%20completo.pdf3d3b5766f6195ff8335d37796d49bf40MD51TEXTtexto completo.pdf.txttexto completo.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain221129https://locus.ufv.br//bitstream/123456789/811/2/texto%20completo.pdf.txt6a803e3819225475b5305a60da6618b3MD52THUMBNAILtexto completo.pdf.jpgtexto completo.pdf.jpgIM Thumbnailimage/jpeg3482https://locus.ufv.br//bitstream/123456789/811/3/texto%20completo.pdf.jpg0ae069aff12447d5a01886e37cf99942MD53123456789/8112016-04-06 23:14:05.388oai:locus.ufv.br:123456789/811Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttps://www.locus.ufv.br/oai/requestfabiojreis@ufv.bropendoar:21452016-04-07T02:14:05LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV - Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV)false |
dc.title.por.fl_str_mv |
Estudo da mobilidade de metais pesados em um solo residual compactado |
dc.title.alternative.eng.fl_str_mv |
Study of heavy metal mobility in a compacted residual soil |
title |
Estudo da mobilidade de metais pesados em um solo residual compactado |
spellingShingle |
Estudo da mobilidade de metais pesados em um solo residual compactado Nascentes, Rejane Solos Contaminação Metais pesados Transporte de contaminantes Soils Contamination Heavy metals Contaminant transport CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA CIVIL::GEOTECNICA |
title_short |
Estudo da mobilidade de metais pesados em um solo residual compactado |
title_full |
Estudo da mobilidade de metais pesados em um solo residual compactado |
title_fullStr |
Estudo da mobilidade de metais pesados em um solo residual compactado |
title_full_unstemmed |
Estudo da mobilidade de metais pesados em um solo residual compactado |
title_sort |
Estudo da mobilidade de metais pesados em um solo residual compactado |
author |
Nascentes, Rejane |
author_facet |
Nascentes, Rejane |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.authorLattes.por.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4760421E2 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Nascentes, Rejane |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Azevedo, Izabel Christina D' Almeida Duarte de |
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4784884E2 |
dc.contributor.referee1.fl_str_mv |
Fontes, Maurício Paulo Ferreira |
dc.contributor.referee1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4721443T4 |
dc.contributor.referee2.fl_str_mv |
Matos, Antonio Teixeira de |
dc.contributor.referee2Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4783529H2 |
dc.contributor.referee3.fl_str_mv |
Barbosa, Maria Claudia |
dc.contributor.referee3Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4789146U0 |
dc.contributor.referee4.fl_str_mv |
Boscov, Maria Eugenia Gimenez |
dc.contributor.referee4Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4786433Z0 |
contributor_str_mv |
Azevedo, Izabel Christina D' Almeida Duarte de Fontes, Maurício Paulo Ferreira Matos, Antonio Teixeira de Barbosa, Maria Claudia Boscov, Maria Eugenia Gimenez |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Solos Contaminação Metais pesados Transporte de contaminantes |
topic |
Solos Contaminação Metais pesados Transporte de contaminantes Soils Contamination Heavy metals Contaminant transport CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA CIVIL::GEOTECNICA |
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv |
Soils Contamination Heavy metals Contaminant transport |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA CIVIL::GEOTECNICA |
description |
Several factors have created conditions to a great world population growth that implicates in a larger generation of residues and, as a consequence, in an increase of water, air and soil contamination. Heavy metals, toxic in specified concentrations, are important contaminant. The contamination of a soil by heavy metals are, mainly, due to municipal and industrial waste disposition, atmospheric deposition due to automotive vehicles and industries, as well as, agriculture practices with the progressively higher use of fertilizes, pesticides and correctives. Compacted tropical soils, associated or not with geotextiles, have been used in liners in areas of disposition of urban and industrial waste. This practice, however, creates some uncertainties due to little knowledge about the utilization of this material for this purpose. In this sense, more studies have to be developed about interactions that occur between tropical soils and contaminant solutions, because these interactions can modify some of the soil properties as, the hydraulic conductivity, the diffusion coefficient, the retarding factor and the coefficient of hydrodynamic dispersion, important in the contaminant transport in soils. Having in mind the shortage of information available in the literature concerning these parameters for Brazilian tropical soils, it is studied, in this work the mobility of six heavy metals in a residual gneissic compacted soil. Three groups of tests were performed with the same compacted soil, however, each group with compaction degrees and water contents slightly different. For Group I samples, the testing program consisted of column tests to evaluate the influence of the soil structure in the hydraulic conductivity and the mobility parameters of a synthetic contaminant solution made of made of nitrates of six heavy metals, Mn, Zn, Cd, Cu, Pb and Cr. Batch tests were also realized as well as, chemical, physical and micro morphological analyses that served to support discussions about the previous test results.With the samples of Groups II and III, only column tests were performed. The Group II tests were performed percolating the same contaminant solution used in Group I. Group II tests aimed at to confirm the tests performed by Nascentes (2003) and Azevedo et al. (2003), since the results obtained in the Group I tests were, unexpectedly, different from the ones verified in that work. In the tests of Group III, samples were percolated, one only with distilled water and, two others, only with rain water. The objective of these tests was to establish differences since tests in Group I and II used only distilled water and, in real cases, percolation is obviously made with rain water. Among the several conclusions that may be withdrawn from this work, it is emphasized that the percolation with distilled water in the initial phase of the column tests to saturate, without back pressure, the soil, influences the results, since the soil structure is altered, especially when a large porous volume is percolated. With relation to the mobility of the six heavy metals studied, it was observed that there was no relationship between the manganese adsorption and the hydraulic conductivity of the soil. This means that the mobility of this metal is independent of flow velocity. This conclusion is important because, even if the liner material has low hydraulic conductivity, a great mobility of Mn may occur, leading to the contamination of lower soil layers and the ground water. |
publishDate |
2006 |
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv |
2006-12-20 2015-03-26T12:34:06Z |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2006-03-31 |
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2015-03-26T12:34:06Z |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
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dc.identifier.citation.fl_str_mv |
NASCENTES, Rejane. Study of heavy metal mobility in a compacted residual soil. 2006. 174 f. Tese (Doutorado em Geotecnia) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, 2006. |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/811 |
identifier_str_mv |
NASCENTES, Rejane. Study of heavy metal mobility in a compacted residual soil. 2006. 174 f. Tese (Doutorado em Geotecnia) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, 2006. |
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http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/811 |
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por |
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa |
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Doutorado em Engenharia Civil |
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UFV |
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BR |
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Geotecnia |
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa |
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