Construção, instrumentação e monitoramento de um lisímetro in situ para avaliação da biodegradação de benzeno e tolueno em solo residual de gnaisse

• Autor(a) principal: Martins, Cátia de Paula
• Data de Publicação: 2010
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/3724
• topic: Biodegradação; Benzeno; Tolueno; Solo residual; Biodegradation; Benzene; Tolueno; Residual soil; CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA CIVIL::GEOTECNICA

Numerous socio-economic benefits are associated with the oil industry, however, one cannot neglect the problems which result from many accidents that can occur at any stage of production and lead to environmental contamination by hydrocarbons. This contamination is often related to small and continuous leaks from fuel storage tanks at service stations. Besides the damage to the environment, the presence of hydrocarbons in the subsurface deserves particular attention when it happens in urban areas, since it constitutes a risk to the population. Gasoline, by being slightly soluble in water, when spilled, initially remains underground as non-aqueous liquid phase. In contact with water in soil, the aromatic constituents, among the most interesting BTEX, partially dissolve, being the first contaminants to reach the groundwater. Research indicates biological degradation as the main mechanism for minimizing the toxic characteristics of these pollutants. This thesis aimed to the construction, instrumentation and monitoring of a large rectangular block of undisturbed residual gneissic soil, subjected to horizontal flow of a solution composed of water, benzene and toluene, in order to assess the biodegradation of these compounds. Based on the results of analysis by gas chromatography on samples of solution collected from pre-established monitoring points in the block, one can observe a decay in the concentrations of the compounds over time. It was possible to verify by extraction in soil samples, the retention of compounds and also the existence of microbial degrader activity. The results indicate the occurrence of biodegradation of compounds benzene and toluene.