Biologia reprodutiva de macaúba: floração, polinizadores, frutificação e conservação de pólen

• Autor(a) principal: Brito, Ana Carla
• Data de Publicação: 2013
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/1373
• topic: Fenologia; Xenogamia; Armazenamento; Phenology; Crossbreeding; Storage; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::FITOTECNIA::MELHORAMENTO VEGETAL

Acrocomia aculeata (Jacq.) Lodd. ex Mart. is a palm tree popularly known as macaw palm, whose fruits have a high oil content and can be used in biodiesel production, and its co-products are utilized in many types of industries. To better to explore the potential of this species is necessary domesticate it for the future development of cultivars. This study was conducted in an wild population in Acaiaca-MG, Brazil, at 2010 to 2012, seeking to elucidate aspects of reproductive biology, with emphasis on morphology, floral biology, flowering phenology, pollinators, and the establish a protocol for the conservation of pollen in order to support breeding programs so that features of interest are achieved and obtained interest genotypes, enabling the deployment of commercial crops and rational use of this oleaginous. The results indicated that the presented macaw palm flowering in the rainy season; inflorescence open at night and in all of them protogyny occurs; pollen abundance and high viability; the the mixed mating system, self-compatibility, but xenogamy predominantly; the pollinator are coleopter Curculionidae and Nitidulidae family. In conservation tests, pollen of macaw palm desiccation was tolerance performed by silica gel under vacuum terms, and was more efficient than lyophilization. The temperatures of 4º C and -20°C associated or not desiccation were the most effective in the pollen conservation evaluated period. The possibility of pollen conservation, as showed in this study, allows the exchange of germplasm for macaw palm breeding programs.