Pedogeomorfologia de depressão nos Tabuleiros Costeiros do norte do Espírito Santo

• Autor(a) principal: Gimenes, Ana Christina Wigneron
• Data de Publicação: 2013
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/1655
• topic: Gênese de solo; Processos pedogenéticos; Cimentação; Genesis of soil; Pedogenic processes; Cementation; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::CIENCIA DO SOLO

The aim of this study was to investigate the genesis of soils in the Barreiras environment depression of the Coastal Tablelands (Cupido Depression, Sooretama-ES), and identify of the drainage patterns, relief and lineaments, through interpretation of satellite images, and study of soils in toposequence, complemented by physical and chemical analysis, selective dissolution by Dithionite-Citrate-Bicarbonate Method (DCB), Acid Oxalate Method Under Darkness (AOD) and Pyrophosphate Method to determine the levels of Fe, Al and Si by flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAS), by Hydrochloric Acid and Nitric Acid concentrated nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid (água regia), using Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES) for determination trace elements in soils, fractionation of humic substances and determination of C content and method N, wet by acid concentration, potassium dichromate concentration and oxidation temperature external heat source, and mineralogical analyzes of the clay fraction. The study revealed a development initially dependent on the materials that advantages the accumulation of water (permanent groundwater and suspended temporary groundwater) acting at the inducement of pedogenic processes linked to hydromorphism (seasonal and variable). The determining factors are the most prominent: 1) the horizontal sedimentary strata Barreiras, 2) the kaolinite and its planar structure combined poor iron (generating hardsetting soil), 3) the nature of the deposits acidic and sandy clay Barreiras; 4) tabularity surface and 5) the formation of pedogenesis in pan. Structural lineaments appear to constrain the direction of further development of depression. Soils represent a toposequence classical pedological, ranging from yellow Ultisols the presence of ferruginous concretion and grayish Ultisols and Spodosol with duripans. The following stages of transformation were identified: by the iron loss, disruption of clay by ferrolysis at remobilized iron, and subsequent formation amorphous aluminosilicate, cementing horizons in the vadose zone water table suspended higher drawdown, destruction acidolysis of kaolinite and amorphous aluminosilicate within the past duripan, formation of sandy soils, mobilization and illuvial acid organic matter with aluminum and silicon, cementing the functional spodic horizons by aluminous gels and/or amorphous aluminosilicates, the destruction by acidolysis of part of the spodic horizon under the direct influence of the water table. In the Cupido Depression the soil density increases with increasing depth and cementing. The different levels cementing are dependent of amorphous aluminosilicates and/or aluminous gels, increasing with increasing hardening. The levels of total organic carbon increased from the upper to the lower toposequence. The soil of greater movement of soluble fraction, especially fulvic acids, followed by humic acid is found in Spodosols and Ultisol duripan. The enhanced dissolution of kaolinite and amorphous aluminosilicates duripan contributes to the additions of aluminum in environment. The Al element bound to organic matter increases with depth, revealing active processes Podzolization. The acidity of the A surface horizon marks the precipitation of this complex organic within this horizon and mobilization of Al complexed, subsequently immobilized in spodic horizons, maintained by the impermeability of the cemented horizon, and / or the water table. The phases of silica bonded to organic matter are generally increasing with depth, higher in grayish Ultisol, and maximum in Spodosols. The soil cover Cupido Depression is unbalanced, and the processing moves forward from downstream to upstream. The depression of the Formation Barreiras sediments can be considered as formed by subsidence or collapse pedogenic. This case, the demotion and landscape evolution is governed by the destruction of clay, assisted by constraints geological structural and sedimentological.