Interferência de plantas daninhas e do feijão sobre a cultura da mandioca

• Autor(a) principal: Albuquerque, José de Anchieta Alves de
• Data de Publicação: 2006
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/1159
• topic: Mandioca; Competição; Plantas daninhas; Manihot esculenta; Consórcio; Feijão; Cassava; Competition; Weeds; Manihot esculenta; Beans; Associated cultivation system; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::FITOTECNIA

The objective of this work was to identify the cassava culture weeds species, the interference degree that they exercise on the cultivation and the plant morphologic characteristics in function of the growing and decreasing coexistence periods and also this culture consortium viability with bean. Three experiments were carried out, using the Cacauzinha cultivar, of the cassava group. It was adopted a randomized block design, with seven treatments and four replications. The first experiment treatments were composed by the culture initial coexistence periods with weeds: 25, 50, 75, 100 and 125 days after plantation (DAP); in the second experiment, the cassava plants, initially, stayed free from the weeds for the same periods of the previous experiment. The evaluations were identical in both experiments I and II. The weeds were analyzed at the 25, 50, 75, 100, 125, 150, 175, 200, 225, 250, 275, 300, 325 and 350 days after plantation. The plants height and stem diameter were evaluated in 12 times after plantation (at the 75, 100, 125, 150, 175, 200, 225, 250, 275, 300, 325 and 350 DAP). The roots productivity, roots number for plant, length and root diameter, aerial part green mass, crop index, starch content and roots dry matter were analyzed to the 12 months after the plantation for occasion of the crop. In the third experiment it was evaluated the cassava cultivation in a associated system with bean. The treatments were cassava cultivation in simple array and in monocrop, cassava simple array plus a bean line, cassava double array in monocrop, cassava double array plus a bean line, cassava double array plus two bean lines and cassava double array plus three bean lines. The bean crop was made to the 100 days after the plantation and grains productivity, number of pods per plants, number of seeds per pods and 1000-seed weight were evaluated. The cassava was picked to the 15 months after plantation and the characteristics roots for plant number, length and root diameter, productivity, aerial part weight, dry matter, starch content and crop index were analyzed. For the associated system plantation, the earth efficient use was determined. The prevailed weeds species were: Bidens pilosa, Raphanus raphanistrum and Cyperus rotundus. In relation to the roots productivity, the end of the period previous to the interference was close to 25 days, the interference prevention critical period was between 25 and 75 DAP and the cultivations carried out after 75 DAP did not affect the plant characteristics. The coexistence for the same or superior intervals to 50 DAP caused drastic reduction in the cassava plants stem diameter and in the height. In the associated system, the treatments in monocrops formed by cassava simple arrays and bean simple array presented larger values of roots and grains productivity, though the earth efficient use indicated advantages for all the associated systems treatments; evidencing that an interesting practice for small producers.