Resíduo da produção de palmito da Palmeira Real Australiana na alimentação de vacas leiteiras

• Autor(a) principal: Bayão, Geraldo Fábio Viana
• Data de Publicação: 2013
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/1862
• topic: Archonthophoenix alexandrae; Resíduo; Sustentabilidade; Archonthophoenix alexandrae; Waste; Sustainability; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ZOOTECNIA

Two experiments were conducted. The first work aimed to evaluate the intake, digestibility, milk production and composition of dairy cows consuming residue of palm heart production from Australian Royal Palm. We used 16 Holstein cows, confined for a period of 60 days. The treatments were 0%, 7.5%, 15% and 22.5% inclusion of residue of palm heart production from Royal Palm, based on dry matter (DM), on roughage diet consisting of cane sugar. The experimental design was randomized block design with repeated measures in time, using milk production as criterion for the formation of blocks. Data were compared by regression and tested linear and quadratic effects of the residue levels in the forage. Only the average daily gain was analyzed as a completely randomized block, since it had the weighing of the beginning and end of the experiment. The crude protein (CP), organic matter (OM) and neutral detergent fiber corrected for ash and protein (NDFap) showed no significant difference between the means. Observed decreasing linear effect of the residue levels in the forage on intake of DM, non-fiber carbohydrates (NFC) and ether extract (EE). It was verified with the addition the residue in the ration, decrease in consumption of metabolizable energy and nutrients total digestible. No effect of inclusion of palm residue in the diet of cows on milk production and milk production corrected to 4% fat. The replacement of residue of palm heart production from Australian Royal Palm up to 22.5% based diets with cane sugar for cows low and medium production does not affect the milk production and composition. The second work aimed to evaluate the chemical composition and fermentation characteristics of the residue of palm heart production from Australian Royal Palm with additives. Was evaluated the residue silage production of palm Royal Palm, the residue silage additives with 0.5% urea residue, silage additives with 0.5% calcium oxide (CaO) and silage residue admixed with 0.5% urea and 0.5% calcium oxide. Silages with additives in were fed basis. The residue was placed in experimental silos (buckets) equipped with Bunsen valve, distributed in a completely randomized design in fatctorial 2 x 2 (inclusion or non inclusion calcium oxide x or non urea) with four replications. Was made the correction the dry matter (DM) for losses volatile compounds (19.2%). The content (DM) was higher for silage additive with urea (11.5%). The crude protein (CP) was higher for silages receiving urea (10.6%), whereas for the content of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF), negative control silage was the only one that differed from the others with levels, with levels of 69.93 and 51.40%. The effluents loss were higher for the negative control silage and silage CaO (56.1 and 58.4%) and gas losses on DM basis were higher for silage with additive CaO and additive urea. The negative control silage had the lowest pH (3,75). The silage with additive CaO showed the lowest levels of lactic acid (3.2% and 3.3%) and higher concentrations of propionic acid (0.29% and 0.30%). No significant difference was found for butyric acid between treatments. The use of calcium oxide on silage residue of palm heart production from Australian Royal Palm is not justified by the results observed.