Estudo da urbanização de flebotomíneos e aspectos epidemiológicos de leishmaniose tegumentar americana no município de Timóteo, Minas Gerais, Brasil

• Autor(a) principal: Souza, Cristian Ferreira de
• Data de Publicação: 2011
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/5089
• topic: Leishmaniose; Lutzomyia; Urbanização; Leishmaniasis; Lutzomyia; Urbanization; CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::SAUDE COLETIVA::MEDICINA PREVENTIVA

The present work was characterized as a descriptive study of autochthonous human cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis reported between 2002 and 2010 in the city of Timóteo-Minas Gerais, associated with entomological research in the urban area and detection of Leishmania spp. among samples of sandflies captured. The human cases were characterized by a notification form and a socioeconomic and environmental questionnaire; the entomological survey was conducted with the use of Falcão traps distributed in 35 houses where cases were reported and in 15 with the absence of cases in the urban area of the municipality. The sandflies captured were identified and it was verified the natural infection of the female using PCR/RFLR technique. It was analyzed the seasonal behavior of sandflies considering the variables rainfall, air relative humidity and temperature. To enrich the study, autochthonous human cases of American cutaneous leishmaniasis were analyzed from a quantitative study, to detect clusters of cases according to census sectors, using spatial analysis as a tool. Through the characterization of cases it is suggested the presence of two installed cycles of American cutaneous leishmaniasis in the municipality, one rural and one rural. The transmission cycle of leishmaniasis in the urban area was more evident after the high number of sandflies collected in the urban area and the presence of infected samples with Leishmania braziliensis. Among the captured sandflies Nyssomyia whitmani was the specie most commonly found and also with higher number of samples infected with Leishmania braziliensis, followed by Nyssomyia intermedia and Micropygomyia quinquefer, and both species were also found to be infected with Leishmania braziliensis. In the spatial analysis it was evidenced that the census sectors near to Parque Estadual do Rio Doce are the most affected with the disease, requiring more attention. This profile of the occurrence of the disease suggests the need for reorientation of the strategies adopted for the control and prevention of the disease by the health agencies of the municipality.