Externalidades do Programa Bolsa Família sobre a violência doméstica contra a mulher no Brasil

• Autor(a) principal: Moreira, Gustavo Carvalho
• Data de Publicação: 2014
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/87
• topic: Avaliação de políticas públicas; Programa bolsa família; Violência doméstica contra a mulher; Evaluation of public policies; Bolsa família program; Domestic violence against women; CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ECONOMIA::CRESCIMENTO, FLUTUACOES E PLANEJAMENTO ECONOMICO::CRESCIMENTO E DESENVOLVIMENTO ECONOMICO

Data from the United Nations - UN reveal that 34 % of Brazilian women reported having experienced some form of domestic physical violence by a partner who they live with in 2010. Violence against women is responsible for the increase in the probability of unemployment, wage losses and deterioration in health status, implying to the victim, to her family and to society direct and indirect costs. Regarding the relationship between increased female income and incidence of domestic violence against them, such topic is still ambiguous in the literature of welfare economics and there is no conclusive answer to this theoretical question. In Brazil, an important public policy capable of raising the income of the woman and her family is the Bolsa Família Program (BFP). Thus, given the negative consequences of domestic violence and the importance of such public policy with respect to the improvement of families life conditions, it was attempted to analyze how the benefit of BFP is able to influence on violence against women in the domestic sphere. It was used the strategy of evaluating the impact of BFP on the incidence of domestic violence when comparing the results for the program participants (treatment group) to a non-program participants that have similar characteristics to the program participants (treatment group). For this purpose, it was used the methodology of the Propensity Score. After this step, it was estimated the Mean Treatment Effect by the method of kernel Matching. The data used are from the National Survey by Household Sample NSHS 2009, along with the supplement related to the characteristics of victimization and access to justice in Brazil. Contrary to the hypothesis of this study, the estimated results indicate that the BFP has the effect of increasing domestic violence against women committed by their spouse or ex - spouse, undermining the empowerment and autonomy of women. Furthermore, granting the benefit of the BFP implies higher incidence of domestic violence especially in families with a high level of economic vulnerability. Since the main objective of BFP is to eliminate the intergenerational cycle of poverty, this study has found evidence of noncompliance of this purpose when considering the seven years period after the program implementation. Furthermore, it is recognized that not only the BFP is able to change the domestic violence and that there are other socioeconomic factors influencing this phenomenon. Thereby, benefiting young women of BFP with low education level, not residing in their state of origin and that belong to families with high quantity of female children, are more likely to suffer physical abuse of a spouse or ex- spouse. Since public resources are limited, it is believed that governmental agencies efforts should be directed to combat this phenomenon among beneficiary households that have such characteristics. Also, a suggestion for public policy is the expansion of conditionality of health for women at home through educational policies such as interfamilial monitoring through social assistance of Protection and Integral Care of Family Service (PICFS).