Temperatura do dossel vegetativo da cana-de-açúcar sob diferentes condições meteorológicas e potenciais de água no solo

• Autor(a) principal: Batalha, Bruno Ribas
• Data de Publicação: 2011
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/5246
• topic: Cana-de-açúcar; Água; Solo; Meteorologia; Sugarcane; Water; Soil; Meteorology; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::AGROMETEOROLOGIA

Canopy temperature measurementswith infrared thermometers can be used in studies of water relations in the soil-plant-atmosphere, being a tool of easy use and quick response. The main objective of this study was to analyze the variation of the difference between canopy temperature (tc) and the air temperature (tair) under different meteorological conditions and soil water potential during the phenological growth stage of sugarcane. The experiment was conducted under field conditions in clay soil of medium fertility at the Agricultural Engineering Department from the Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, MG. The sugarcane planting (var. RB867515) was conduced from vegetative parts of the stem on 08/10/2010, using the density of 18 buds per meter of crop row, with 1.4 m spacing. The electronic sensors used to measure solar radiation, air velocity, relative humidity, air temperature and canopy temperature were connected to a serial system data acquisition. The soil water potential (Ψ) was obtained from daily readings provided by a digital gauge, using the average of three sensors of electrical resistance, which were installed at 30 cm depth. At weekly and biweekly, biometric measurements were performed in field (non-destructive) and laboratory (destructive). The relationship between the temperature differential "tc-tair" and variables, incident radiation (Ri) and vapor pressure deficit in the air (VPDair), were determined for clear sky, cloudy and partially cloudy conditions, under different values of soil water potential. In the absence of water stress (Ψ> -10 kPa), it was observed that the parameters of the relationship "tc-tair = a Rg - b VPDair" are affected by cloudy conditions. The presence of clouds resulted, respectively, increase and decrease of the parameters "a" and "b" for both the average leaf area index of 2.40 as 3.35. With the decline of the available soil water, found at 220 (Ψ ≈ -120 kPa) and 240 (Ψ ≈ -180 kPa) days after planting, it was observed also a slight increase in the parameter "a", but an opposite effect parameter "b". This fact can be explained by decreased availability of soil water, which causes stomatal opening which is controlled at times of peak water demand, thus reducing evaporative cooling through transpiration. These results suggest that infrared thermometry has the potential to estimate soil water availability, phenological growth stage of sugarcane, even in the presence of cloud.