Phenotypic plasticity and susceptibility to pathogens in Anticarsia gemmatalis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2010 |
Tipo de documento: | Dissertação |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV |
Texto Completo: | http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/3911 |
Resumo: | Prophylactic investment in defense from parasites and pathogens involves a high cost. Thus, it is expected that organisms use this only when required, for example, when at high population densities, where the risk of parasite or pathogen transmission may be increased. If the infection risk for individuals increases with host density, it is expected that hosts subject to high densities evolve mechanisms of resistance, as proposed by the "density-dependent prophylaxis" (DDP) hypothesis. Tests of these predictions have been conducted in a wide range of insects, both in comparative studies, where species live at different densities and in experimental studies, where the host density is manipulated. In the latter case, however, tests have mostly been restricted to gregarious insects that present density-dependent phase polyphenism. For this reason, we chose to test these predictions in a solitary species, Anticarsia gemmatalis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), that presents features of gregarious insects. We showed a prophylactic response to increased conspecific densities in A. gemmatalis larvae. When at increased larval density, with the accompanying phenotypic change, there is a greater degree of encapsulation of the nylon filament, higher hemocyte numbers, but lower melanization. We showed that this response was a function, not only the density per se, but also of the contact among conspecifics. Thus, we showed that DDP is a more common phenomenon thatpreviously thought, occurring even in a species known as being solitary. Furthermore, the prophylactic responses in this species are not only densitydependent, but are more specifically contact- dependent. This may provide a new context to the DDP hypothesis; in which even solitary species may present plastic prophylactic responses at crowded moments. |
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Silva, Farley William Souzahttp://lattes.cnpq.br/7801646095310923Lima, Eraldo Rodrigues dehttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4783762J5Valicente, Fernando Hercoshttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4781755J8Elliot, Simon Lukehttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4232577U2Pereira, Eliseu José Guedeshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/3098224583812072Serrão, José Eduardohttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4785636U62015-03-26T13:30:31Z2011-08-032015-03-26T13:30:31Z2010-07-17SILVA, Farley William Souza. Plasticidade fenotípica e susceptibilidade a patógenos em Anticarsia gemmatalis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). 2010. 48 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciência entomológica; Tecnologia entomológica) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, 2010.http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/3911Prophylactic investment in defense from parasites and pathogens involves a high cost. Thus, it is expected that organisms use this only when required, for example, when at high population densities, where the risk of parasite or pathogen transmission may be increased. If the infection risk for individuals increases with host density, it is expected that hosts subject to high densities evolve mechanisms of resistance, as proposed by the "density-dependent prophylaxis" (DDP) hypothesis. Tests of these predictions have been conducted in a wide range of insects, both in comparative studies, where species live at different densities and in experimental studies, where the host density is manipulated. In the latter case, however, tests have mostly been restricted to gregarious insects that present density-dependent phase polyphenism. For this reason, we chose to test these predictions in a solitary species, Anticarsia gemmatalis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), that presents features of gregarious insects. We showed a prophylactic response to increased conspecific densities in A. gemmatalis larvae. When at increased larval density, with the accompanying phenotypic change, there is a greater degree of encapsulation of the nylon filament, higher hemocyte numbers, but lower melanization. We showed that this response was a function, not only the density per se, but also of the contact among conspecifics. Thus, we showed that DDP is a more common phenomenon thatpreviously thought, occurring even in a species known as being solitary. Furthermore, the prophylactic responses in this species are not only densitydependent, but are more specifically contact- dependent. This may provide a new context to the DDP hypothesis; in which even solitary species may present plastic prophylactic responses at crowded moments.Investimentos profiláticos em defesa a parasitas e patógenos envolvem um custo. Assim, é esperado que organismos os usem somente quando requeridos, por exemplo quando em altas densidades populacionais, onde o risco de transmissão de parasitas e patógenos pode ser aumentado. Se o risco para o individuo aumenta com a densidade populacional, é esperado que hospedeiros evoluam mecanismos de resistência, como proposto pela hipótese da "profilaxia densidade-dependente" (PDD). Testes dessas predições têm sido conduzidos em uma gama de insetos, seja em estudos comparativos onde espécies vivem em diferentes densidades ou em estudos experimentais onde a densidade do hospedeiro é manipulada. Nesse caso, no entanto, testes têm sido restritos a insetos gregários que apresentam o polifenismo de fase densidade-dependente. Por isso, nós escolhemos testar essas predições em uma espécie solitária que apresenta características de insetos gregários, Anticarsia gemmatalis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Neste estudo, nós mostramos as repostas profiláticas de larvas de A. gemmatalis ao aumento da densidade de co-específicos. Quando em maiores densidades larvais, acompanhada de mudança fenotípica, há um maior grau de encapsulação do filamento de nilon, aumento no número de hemócitos, mas menor melanização. Nós mostramos que essas respostas foram função não só densidade per se, mas também do contato entre co-específicos. Dessa forma, nós mostramos que a PDD é um fenômeno mais comum que se pensava, ocorrendo mesmo em espécies conhecidas como sendo solitárias. Além disso, as respostas profiláticas nessa espécie não são só densidade-dependente, mas mais especificamente, contato-dependente. Isto fornece um novo contexto a essa hipótese, já que mesmo espécies solitárias podem apresentar respostas profiláticas ao aumento da densidade populacional.Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológicoapplication/pdfUniversidade Federal de ViçosaMestrado em EntomologiaUFVBRCiência entomológica; Tecnologia entomológicaProfilaxiaPatógenosLagarta-da-sojaCNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::FITOSSANIDADE::ENTOMOLOGIA AGRICOLAProphylaxisPathogensCaterpillar soybeanPhenotypic plasticity and susceptibility to pathogens in Anticarsia gemmatalis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)Plasticidade fenotípica e susceptibilidade a patógenos em Anticarsia gemmatalis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessengreponame:LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFVinstname:Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV)instacron:UFVORIGINALtexto completo.pdfapplication/pdf586923https://locus.ufv.br//bitstream/123456789/3911/1/texto%20completo.pdf24da6077dcd7d4efe5e55cbc10a1c8a1MD51TEXTtexto completo.pdf.txttexto completo.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain83713https://locus.ufv.br//bitstream/123456789/3911/2/texto%20completo.pdf.txtf95769098c09f0710113d811e057bf3eMD52THUMBNAILtexto completo.pdf.jpgtexto completo.pdf.jpgIM Thumbnailimage/jpeg3627https://locus.ufv.br//bitstream/123456789/3911/3/texto%20completo.pdf.jpg4c0f1a809283a21068bfc8d82ededde2MD53123456789/39112016-06-09 08:10:45.993oai:locus.ufv.br:123456789/3911Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttps://www.locus.ufv.br/oai/requestfabiojreis@ufv.bropendoar:21452016-06-09T11:10:45LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV - Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV)false |
dc.title.por.fl_str_mv |
Phenotypic plasticity and susceptibility to pathogens in Anticarsia gemmatalis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) |
dc.title.alternative.en.fl_str_mv |
Plasticidade fenotípica e susceptibilidade a patógenos em Anticarsia gemmatalis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) |
title |
Phenotypic plasticity and susceptibility to pathogens in Anticarsia gemmatalis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) |
spellingShingle |
Phenotypic plasticity and susceptibility to pathogens in Anticarsia gemmatalis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Silva, Farley William Souza Profilaxia Patógenos Lagarta-da-soja CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::FITOSSANIDADE::ENTOMOLOGIA AGRICOLA Prophylaxis Pathogens Caterpillar soybean |
title_short |
Phenotypic plasticity and susceptibility to pathogens in Anticarsia gemmatalis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) |
title_full |
Phenotypic plasticity and susceptibility to pathogens in Anticarsia gemmatalis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) |
title_fullStr |
Phenotypic plasticity and susceptibility to pathogens in Anticarsia gemmatalis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) |
title_full_unstemmed |
Phenotypic plasticity and susceptibility to pathogens in Anticarsia gemmatalis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) |
title_sort |
Phenotypic plasticity and susceptibility to pathogens in Anticarsia gemmatalis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) |
author |
Silva, Farley William Souza |
author_facet |
Silva, Farley William Souza |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.authorLattes.por.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/7801646095310923 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Silva, Farley William Souza |
dc.contributor.advisor-co1.fl_str_mv |
Lima, Eraldo Rodrigues de |
dc.contributor.advisor-co1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4783762J5 |
dc.contributor.advisor-co2.fl_str_mv |
Valicente, Fernando Hercos |
dc.contributor.advisor-co2Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4781755J8 |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Elliot, Simon Luke |
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4232577U2 |
dc.contributor.referee1.fl_str_mv |
Pereira, Eliseu José Guedes |
dc.contributor.referee1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/3098224583812072 |
dc.contributor.referee2.fl_str_mv |
Serrão, José Eduardo |
dc.contributor.referee2Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4785636U6 |
contributor_str_mv |
Lima, Eraldo Rodrigues de Valicente, Fernando Hercos Elliot, Simon Luke Pereira, Eliseu José Guedes Serrão, José Eduardo |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Profilaxia Patógenos Lagarta-da-soja |
topic |
Profilaxia Patógenos Lagarta-da-soja CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::FITOSSANIDADE::ENTOMOLOGIA AGRICOLA Prophylaxis Pathogens Caterpillar soybean |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::FITOSSANIDADE::ENTOMOLOGIA AGRICOLA |
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv |
Prophylaxis Pathogens Caterpillar soybean |
description |
Prophylactic investment in defense from parasites and pathogens involves a high cost. Thus, it is expected that organisms use this only when required, for example, when at high population densities, where the risk of parasite or pathogen transmission may be increased. If the infection risk for individuals increases with host density, it is expected that hosts subject to high densities evolve mechanisms of resistance, as proposed by the "density-dependent prophylaxis" (DDP) hypothesis. Tests of these predictions have been conducted in a wide range of insects, both in comparative studies, where species live at different densities and in experimental studies, where the host density is manipulated. In the latter case, however, tests have mostly been restricted to gregarious insects that present density-dependent phase polyphenism. For this reason, we chose to test these predictions in a solitary species, Anticarsia gemmatalis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), that presents features of gregarious insects. We showed a prophylactic response to increased conspecific densities in A. gemmatalis larvae. When at increased larval density, with the accompanying phenotypic change, there is a greater degree of encapsulation of the nylon filament, higher hemocyte numbers, but lower melanization. We showed that this response was a function, not only the density per se, but also of the contact among conspecifics. Thus, we showed that DDP is a more common phenomenon thatpreviously thought, occurring even in a species known as being solitary. Furthermore, the prophylactic responses in this species are not only densitydependent, but are more specifically contact- dependent. This may provide a new context to the DDP hypothesis; in which even solitary species may present plastic prophylactic responses at crowded moments. |
publishDate |
2010 |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2010-07-17 |
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv |
2011-08-03 2015-03-26T13:30:31Z |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2015-03-26T13:30:31Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
format |
masterThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.citation.fl_str_mv |
SILVA, Farley William Souza. Plasticidade fenotípica e susceptibilidade a patógenos em Anticarsia gemmatalis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). 2010. 48 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciência entomológica; Tecnologia entomológica) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, 2010. |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/3911 |
identifier_str_mv |
SILVA, Farley William Souza. Plasticidade fenotípica e susceptibilidade a patógenos em Anticarsia gemmatalis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). 2010. 48 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciência entomológica; Tecnologia entomológica) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, 2010. |
url |
http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/3911 |
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eng |
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eng |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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openAccess |
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa |
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Mestrado em Entomologia |
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UFV |
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BR |
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Ciência entomológica; Tecnologia entomológica |
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa |
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