Óleos essenciais sobre adultos e imaturos de Trichogramma galloi e Trichogramma pretiosum (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae)

• Autor(a) principal: Parreira, Douglas Silva
• Data de Publicação: 2014
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/1254
• topic: Plantas - Doenças e pragas - Controle; Pragas - Controle biológico; Óleos essenciais - Seleção; Óleos essenciais - Toxicologia; Trichogramma galloi; Trichogramma; Plants - Diseases and pests - Control; Pests - Biological control; Essential oils - Selection; Essential oils - Toxicology; T. galloi; Trichogramma; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::FITOTECNIA

The integrated pest management prioritizes the use of control tactics that reduce the environmental impact of the massive use and misuse of chemicals. Trichogrammatídeos are recognized agents of biological control of agricultural and forest pests. However, its effectiveness depends on the use suite of products that do not interfere with its biological aspects. Essential oils of plants with insecticides effects are an alternative for the control of pests, with rapid degradation in the lower atmosphere and impacts non- target organisms. The aim of this study was to investigate the lethal and sublethal effects of Allium sativum, Carapa guianensis, Citrus sinensis, Mentha piperita, Origanum vulgare, Piper nigrum, Syzygium aromarticum, Thymus vulgaris, Zingiber officinale and Azadirachta indica on the biological aspects of adult and immature Trichogramma pretiosum Riley and T. galloi Zuch (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) in the parental generation, F1 and F2. The experiment was conducted on the Biological Control Laboratory of the Institute for Applied Biotechnology in Agriculture (BIOAGRO) of the Federal University of Viçosa (UFV), in Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil, in chambers BOD at 25 ± 2° C, 70 ± 10% relative humidity and 12 hours. Individuals of T. pretiosum and T. galloi were obtained from the mass rearing of the Biological Control Laboratory of UFV. Adults and immatures of both species of Trichogramma were exposed to LC50 of essential oils previously obtained in tests with eggs of Anticarsia gemmatalis Hubner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Zingiber officinale oil was more toxic to adults and immatures of both species of Trichogramma, reducing longevity, parasitism and emergence of these parasitoids in the parental generation, F1 and F2. The longevity of T. pretiosum and T. galloi was lower with A. sativum and M. piperita in the experiment with adults, T. pretiosum was lower with all essential oils applied in the stage of egg-larva the T. vulgare in the pupal stage. Allium sativum and C. guianensis were slightly harmful (class 2-30 79%) to parasitism by females of the parental generation of T. pretiosum and T. galloi in the experiment with adults. Carapa guianensis and C. sinensis were slightly harmful (class 2-30 79%) to the parasitism of the F1 generation of T. pretiosum and T. galloi in the egg stage, larval and pre-pupal parasitism of O. vulgare F1 generation T. pretiosum and T. galloi at the stage of pre- pupa and A. sativum and A. indica F1 generation parasitism of T. galloi the pre-pupal stage. Carapa guianensis reduced and emergence of the parasitoid T. pretiosum and A. sativum reduced F1 generation of T. galloi by more than 30%. Carapa guianensis and O. vulgare were slightly harmful (class 2-30 79%) the emergence of the F1 generation parasitoids when applied in the egg stage, larval and pre-pupal and M. piperita and A. indica indicates the emergence of F2 generation in the egg stage of parasitoid larva. Allium sativum, A. indica, C. guianensis, C. sinensis and S. aromaticum, applied in the pupal stage were slightly harmful (class 2 30-79%) the emergence of the F1 generation of T. galloi. Essential oils do not affect sex ratio of adults and immatures of T. pretiosum and T. galloi in the parental generation, F1 and F2. Zingiber officinale was not selective for adults and immatures of T. pretiosum and T. galloi. Allium sativum, A. indica, C. guianensis, C. sinensis, M. piperita, O. vulgare and S. aromaticum showed low biological impact of two species of Trichogramma aspects and P. nigrum and T. vulgare are compatible with T. galloi and T. pretiosum.