Preparo do solo e sua influência na atividade microbiana

• Autor(a) principal: Dadalto, Juliana Pinheiro
• Data de Publicação: 2014
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/3663
• topic: Ciência do solo; Mecanização agrícola; Plantio direto; Micro-organismos; Soil science; Agricultural mechanization; Tillage; Micro-organisms; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ENGENHARIA AGRICOLA

The mechanization makes agricultural work less strenuous, more homogeneous farming and increases crop productivity. The system of mechanized tillage directly influence the physical and biological soil properties, in addition to providing appropriate environment for establishment of cultures. Some studies have reported the microbial activity in the soil of the same quality. Microbial activity can be measured by the microbial biomass carbon, soil basal respiration, metabolic quotient and microbial quotient, among others. Tillage can affect the microbial activity because the levels of soil organic carbon can be changed as well as the density, temperature and soil moisture. Several studies using microbiological analyzes for determination of disturbances in agricultural and forestry crops, but the quantification of the interference of tillage, in an isolated form in soil microbial activity is rarely studied. Knowing how much and how tillage impacts on soil microbiota, one can analyze the effects of this process, and seek to mitigate noxious factors, seeking managements best suited to each type of soil and crop systems to be implemented. Thus objective with this study was to evaluate how different systems of mechanized tillage can affect their microbiological activity, evaluating the total organic carbon, microbial biomass carbon, basal soil respiration, metabolic quotient and the quotient soil microbial. The experiment was conducted in an experimental area belongs to the Federal University of Viçosa, was used as treatments for the following types of tillage: No tillage (PD) and conventional tillage (PC) and minimum tillage (CM). The treatments were arranged in a randomized block. The experiment was disposed in a split plot sub subdivided, where the parcels types of tillage systems, subplots depths and in the sub split plots sampling periods in randomized block design with 4 replications causualizados. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance and means were compared using the Tukey test, adopting the 5% level of probability. All analyzes were performed with the aid of SAEG. Microbiological analyzes were conducted at the Laboratory of Organic Matter in Soil, Federal University of Viçosa department. The collections were made in triplicate in two depths, the bands from 0 to 0,10 m from 0,10 to 0,20 m depth. We determined the total organic carbon (COT), microbial biomass carbon (CBM), basal soil respiration (RBS), metabolic quotient (qCO2) and microbial quotient (qMic). The no tillage showed higher levels of microbial biomass carbon and soil basal respiration, in the range 0 0,10 m depth. The values of metabolic quotient were higher in minimum tillage system. The no till was the system that had higher microbial activity in the soil.