Caracterização de cenários de exposição a perigos microbiológicos relacionados ao uso agrícola de biossólidos

• Autor(a) principal: Argel, Ketty Del Rosário Viloria
• Data de Publicação: 2010
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/5032
• topic: Lodo de esgoto; Biossólidos; Microorganismos patogênicos; Sewage sludge; Biosolids; Pathogenic microorganisms; CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::MICROBIOLOGIA::MICROBIOLOGIA APLICADA

Sewage sludge is the major residue produced in Sewage Treatment Stations (STS). One of its possible applications, agricultural use of biosolids - a term which characterizes sewage sludge submitted to hygienization process - presents productive and reduced cost advantages. However, there is a concern of environmental contamination and risk of disease transmission through pathogenic microorganisms. This work aimed to evaluate the decay of pathogenic organisms in hygienized sewage sludge by solarization and lime addition, at field scale, and to estimate the time of permanence of microorganisms in soils fertilized by biosolids in experiments in laboratory conditions. Sewage sludge from a UASB reactor was fortnightly disposed in drying beds and three different lots were monitored, out of which samples were collected for analysis of microbiological parameters every seven days until class B biosolid characteristics were reached, following CONAMA 375/2006 specifications. The parameters monitored were: total solids, pH, humidity, total coliforms, Escherichia coli, Salmonella sp. and helminth eggs. Mixtures in the proportion of 75, 50 and 25% of biosolid with soil were prepared in the laboratory experiments, besides a biosolid treatment. The treatments were placed in 2 kg vases, with 3 repetitions, and submitted to 100 mL irrigation, weekly. The results indicated that hygienization was faster when the lime addition process was applied. Besides, the laboratory experiments confirmed that the biosolid+limed soil mixtures presented a drastic reduction of the remaining pathogenic microorganisms, even after hygienization. The concentrations found at 90 days of treatment with 75% of biosolid were 1.85x102 NMP/g of S.T. (?) for total coliforms, absence of E. coli since the start of monitoring and 0.07 helminth eggs per g of S.T. (?) In the treatment with 75% of solarized biosolid, total coliform concentrations of 5.15x104 NMP/g of S.T. (?) were found at 90 days of experiment; absence of E. coli, at the end of the experiment and between 0.48 and 0.12 helminth eggs per g of S.T. The results obtained in this work indicate the efficiency of both hygienization processes and continuity in pathogen reduction even after their application in the soil, confirming their viability for agricultural use.