Soroepidemiologia da neosporose em bovinos e cães de propriedades rurais, municípios de Viçosa e Mercês, Minas Gerais

• Autor(a) principal: Campos, Glênia Maria de Magalhães
• Data de Publicação: 2005
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/5009
• topic: Neospora; Neospora caninum; Parasitologia veterinária; Neospora; Neospora caninum; Veterinary parasitology; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::MEDICINA VETERINARIA::MEDICINA VETERINARIA PREVENTIVA::EPIDEMIOLOGIA ANIMAL

During the past ten years, the protozoan Neospora caninum has been described and associated as an ethyological agent of infected abortions in cattle. This disease in dogs also has an abortive character, but since dogs are definitive hosts, they have relevant importance in the life cycle of this parasite, acting as a source of the disease. Other diseases such as leptospirosis and brucelosis are also disseminated in Brazil and are associated to reproductive disturbances. The objective of this study was to evaluate the presence of infection for N. caninum in cattle and dogs of rural properties in two municipalities, Viçosa and Mercês, located in the macro-region of Zona da Mata in the state of Minas Gerais, as well as to analyze the existing risk factors for the infection. Serum samples of female cattle and dogs were collected for research of anti-N. caninum antibodies, using the indirect immunofluorescence technique; Brucella abortus selective test (Buffered Acidified Antigen - BAA) and corroborative tests (2-ME and SAT) and Leptospira sp., Microscopic Agglutination Technique (MAT) without and with sera dilution. The bovine sera were tested for the three pathogenic bioagents and the canine sera for N. caninum and Leptospira sp. In addition, information was collected by applying a structured questionnaire on type of exploration, production system and reproductive problem history in cattle and habits, type of food, demographic characteristics in dogs. The prevalence of positive properties was of 54.3% and 18.5% for N. caninum in cattle and dogs, respectively; 15.2% for Brucella abortus and 6.5% for Leptospira sp. in cattle and 7.4% for Leptospira sp.in dogs. The prevalence of positive animals presented lower results: 23.3% of N. caninum in cattle and dogs, respectively; 15.2% for Brucella abortus and 6.5% for Leptospira sp. in cattle and 7.4% for Leptospira. However, it should be emphasized that the prevalence for N. caninum in cattle was significantly higher, compared to Brucella abortus (p < 0.01) and Leptospira sp. (p < 0.01). Positive properties for bovine neosporosis were associated to the presence of reproductive disturbances in the animals (p < 0.01), when the analysis considered the type of disturbance, abortion (OR = 5.2; IC 95% = 1.32-20.54) and prenatal mortality (OR = 6.0; IC 95% = 1.22 - 29.95) presented significant association. The occurrence of positive serology for N. caninum in cattle was associated to the presence of positive dogs in the property (p<0.01); however, reproductive problem in cattle was not associated with canine neosporosis (p = 0.1046). Significant association was also verified between bovine osteoporosis and type of exploration, serum positive cattle having, approximately, three times more chance (OR = 2.82 and IC 95% = 1.05 - 9.52) of belonging to a milk production system rather than mixed. The characterization of canine neosporosis did not show significant association with the variables sex (p = 0.55), age (p = 0.34), animal habit (p = 0.03; OR = 0.00; IC 95% = 0.0-1.06) and type of food (p = 0.11). The results suggest that sanitation in neosporosis has become of utmost importance in bovine herds, especially when reproductive problems resulting from the infection are considered. Therefore, it becomes evident the need for animal health authorities and institutions to fight this disease.