Avaliação do uso da água em fruteiras irrigadas no Projeto Jaíba

• Autor(a) principal: Moura, Bruno Rebouças de
• Data de Publicação: 2007
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/5221
• topic: Irrigação; Fruticultura; Lixiviação de nutrientes; Projeto Jaíba; Irrigation; Fruit crop; Nutrient leaching; Project Jaíba; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::AGROMETEOROLOGIA

The research was made in the Project Jaíba, located in the municipal districts of Jaíba and Matias Cardoso, in the north of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Aiming at to evaluate the efficiency in the use of the water for the farmers, and the economical and environmental impacts of the excess of water in the irrigation of fruit trees, experiments were accomplished with the cultures of the guava (Psidium guajava L.), sugar apple (Annona squamosa L.) and atemoya (Annona atemoya Mabb), and a diagnosis of the consumption of water in managerial lots of the Gleba C2 of the Project Jaíba. In the experiment with the cultures of the guava and of the atemoya were evaluated productivity, medium weight of the fruits, and production cost data in function of irrigation depths applied in different proportions in relation to the crop evapotranspiration during the productive cycle. It was observed that the effect of the applied water depth was not significant for the production parameters, in other words, there were not productivity and weight of the fruits difference among the treatments, although it has had great difference in the costs to the irrigation. It was also evaluated the effect of the irrigation depth in the nutrients leaching in the soil, in the experimental portion of the sugar apple trees. The studied elements were P, K, Ca and Mg. The results showed a general tendency of larger displacement of salts of the superficial layers for the deepest where there was larger application of water, varying in agreement with the element. In the study on the use of the water in the lots of the Gleba C2 of the project Jaíba the volume of water consumed in the period of April to September of 2006 was compared with the consumption of water dear through simulation of the water balance with the use of the program Irriplus. Ten lots were selected in which soil, water, cultures and irrigation equipments data among other necessary information for the simulations were collected. The meteorological data were obtained in the located automatic station in one of the lots. All the lots presented excess of water in the irrigations in certain periods and deficit in other. The general average was 139 m³.ha-1month-1 of water in excess used in the irrigations.