Padronização de metodologias de regeneração, via embriogênese somática e organogênese, e de aclimatização de soja (Glycine max (L.) Merrill)

• Autor(a) principal: Mendonça, Maria Andréia Corrêa
• Data de Publicação: 2010
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/1313
• topic: Organogênese; Embriogênese somática; Variação somacional; ISSR; Soja; Organogenesis; Somatic embryogenesis; Somaclonal variation; ISSR; Soybean; CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::GENETICA::GENETICA MOLECULAR E DE MICROORGANISMOS

Different methodologies for in vitro regeneration have already been developed for several soybean cultivars. However, this species has proven to be recalcitrant to tissue culture and its in vitro morphogenetic response has been considered genotype dependent. Taking into account the need to develop reliable protocols for regeneration and acclimatization in soybean, the objectives of this study were to induce somatic embryogenesis and organogenesis in order to standardize protocols. Somatic embryos were obtained from immature cotyledons of four commercial soybean cultivars: CAC-1, CD 219 RR, CS 303 TNKCA and FMT Tucunaré. The methodologies for somatic embryogenesis adopted were effective. It was found that the embryogenic potential was genotype-specific, and the cultivars CAC-1 and CD 219 RR showed the higher responses, with an average of 10.83 and 13.36 somatic embryos per responding cotyledon respectively. Only somatic embryos derived from CAC-1 were able to regenerate plants, leading to eight acclimatized plants. Direct organogenesis was achieved from cotiledonary nodes of CAC-1 soybean and 156 regenerated plants were recovered. Clonal fidelity was evaluated through the use of the ISSR marker assay and eight recovered plants showed variations in the amplification profile. In addition, the same plants were analyzed for oil and protein content using the NIRS methodology. Plants with higher oil and protein contents in comparison with CAC-1 control plants were identified, indicating the presence of somaclonal variation. Taken together, the results of this study indicate specific protocols that can be used for soybean genetic transformation in the Soybean Quality Breeding Program that is under development at BIOAGRO/UFV.