Análise morfológica e fitoquímica da fava d anta (Dimorphandra mollis Benth.)

• Autor(a) principal: Dôres, Rosana Gonçalves Rodrigues das
• Data de Publicação: 2007
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/1195
• topic: Homeopatia; Germinação; Rutina; Dimorphandra mollis; Morfologia; Plantas medicinais; Homeopathy; Germination; Rutin; Dimorphandra mollis; Morphology; Medical plants; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::FITOTECNIA

Brazil possesses the more diversified flora of the world, however, the absence of direction techniques and of ecological awareness in its exploration it has caused irreparable damages in ambient. With the expansion of the agricultural frontier in the regions of Cerrado many species of plants, they meet threatened of extinguishing, between them, Dimorphandra mollis Benth., known in folk medicinal as fava d'anta. Its agronomic and pharmaceutical importance is due to presence in the fruits of flavonoids rutin (quercetin-3-rutinoside), isoquercetin, quercetin and of carbohydrate rhamnose. About 50% of the world-wide production of rutina it is proceeding from the D. mollis, making the annual prescription of 12 millions of dollars. Thus, the histochemistry, germination, morphologic, physiological and phytochemistry aspects had been studied in leaves and fruits of fava d'anta in samples of field and samples cultivated with homeopathic preparations. Histochemistry analysis in leaves of D. gardneriana and D. mollis was made to detect local of storage of phenolics compounds (flavonoids and tannins) and had studied the homeopathycs preparations (Sulphur 6 and 12 CH; Phosphorus 6 and 12 CH; Kali phosphoricum 12 CH; Carbo vegetabilis 12 CH; Cyrtopodium 1 D; Distilled water - Witness 1; Distilled water 6 and 12 CH; Ethanol 70% - Witness 2; Ethanol 6 and 12 CH; Rutina 6 and 12 CH; D. mollis fungi 6 and 12 CH; D. mollis frutis 6 and 12 CH; Caryocar brasiliensis 6 and 12 CH), in the overcoming of dormancy, germination of seeds of D. mollis and activity of the PAL, phenolics compounds production (tannins and flavonoids) for spectrophotometric doseament and HPLC in leaves and fruits of D. mollis, with four repetitions. The values had been calculated and the data had been submitted the tests of average (Tukey and Dunnett) and the analyses of variance and regression. The models had been chosen based in the significance of the regression coefficients, using themselves the test of "t", adopting the level of 10% of probability in the coefficient of determination (r2 = SQ Regression/SQ Time) and in the studied phenomenon. It was concluded that in the histochemistry reactions of characterization of D. mollis and D. gardneriana had been detected lipids totals, acid lipids, phenolics compounds; pectins and terpenoids. The homeopathycs treatments Phosphorus 6 CH and Etanol 70% had been more efficient in the promotion of the embebition, Phosphorus 6 CH and Rutina 12 CH had supplied more adequate conditions to the germination and the isoterápicos (D. mollis fungi 6 and 12 CH) had diminished the contamination in seeds of D. mollis. The homeopathycs preparations Sulphur 12 CH, Distilled water (Witness), Ethanol 6 CH and D. mollis fungi 12 CH had allowed to greater growth in height and diameter of caulis. In the quantification of the variables cool and dry mass, and, percentile of water, was more efficient the treatment Distilled Water 6 CH. The results of quantitative analysis of the PAL are conformity with biggest phenolics compounds, mainly in the treatments homeopathycs Sulphur 12 CH, Phosphorus 12 CH, Carbo vegetabilis 12 CH and the preparation D. mollis fungi 6 CH had favored increase of the synthesis of flavonoid rutin. The creation of cooperatives improvement using watery or methanolic extrats of fruits and leaves of D. mollis, will add partner-economic value, favoring the agro extrativism , the adequate handling and pasture sustainable the awareness collecting/ population of the importance of the biodiversity of the Cerrado .