Caracterização de populações de Meloidogyne spp. em cafezais do Estado do Espírito Santo e da Zona da Mata de Minas Gerais

• Autor(a) principal: Barros, Aline Ferreira
• Data de Publicação: 2010
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/4376
• topic: Caracterização isoenzimática; Coffea spp; Ocorrência; Meloidogyne paranaensis; Isozyme characterization; Coffea spp; Occurrence; Meloidogyne paranaensis; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::FITOSSANIDADE::FITOPATOLOGIA

The root-knot nematodes, belonging to Meloidogyne spp., represent a restraint factor to the Brazilian coffee crop because they cause too many losses. There is only some information on the occurrence of these nematodes, especially in coffee plantations in Espírito Santo State (ES), thus it was aimed to study the distribution of Meloidogyne spp. in Coffea spp. in this State and to complement the investigation in Zona da Mata in Minas Gerais (MG). Samples of soil and roots were collected from 18 municipalities on ES and 5 municipalities on the region of Zona da Mata of MG. The identification of species of Meloidogyne spp. was performed through esterase phenotype and differential host test. On ES, different species of Meloidogyne spp. were detected in the analyzed samples. Meloidogyne incognita, I1 and I2 phenotypes, was found in 18% of the sampled farm estates, and in 81.25% of these infested farms C. canephora was cultivated. This species of root-knot nematodes is present in 55.5% of the sampled municipalities, and it is found mainly in the mountain region and in the north of the State. This species was found in a mixture with M. exigua in a coffee crop in Brejetuba, and it was found in a mixture with M. paranaensis in Sooretama. Meloidogyne exigua, E1 phenotype, was detected in 43.6% of the farms and only in C. arabica crops. This species was found in all sampled municipalities in the southern region and in 66% of the sampled municipalities in the mountain region where arabica coffee is grown in large scale. In the north of the state, M. paranaensis, P1 phenotype, was detected in the sampled municipalities and it is reported by the first time in the state of Espírito Santo. The species M. arenaria, A2 phenotype, and M. javanica (J3) were detected in Laranja da Terra parasitizing weeds in the area, but not in coffee trees. However, in Zona da Mata in Minas Gerais, it was found only M. exigua, E1 phenotype, parasitizing coffee trees in all the municipalities where collection was performed, except in Paula Cândido municipality, where no species of Meloidogyne was found. The populations were tested by differential host plants in order to determine physiological races. It was found M. incognita and M. exigua races 1 and 2 in Espírito Santo, and M. exigua race 2 in Zona da Mata in Minas Gerais. Nematodes from genus Tylenchus, Helicotylenchus, Rotylenchulus, Pratylenchus, Aphelenchoides, Aphelenchus, Xiphinema, Mesocrinonema, Psilenchus, Hemicriconemoides, Discocriconemella, Ditylenchus, Rotylenchus, were associated to coffee tree rizosphere.