Diretrizes para certificação socioambiental de produtores de cana-de-açúcar a partir da experiência do setor florestal

• Autor(a) principal: Silva, Fabiano Luiz da
• Data de Publicação: 2011
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/562
• topic: Certificação socioambiental; Biocombustível; Certificação florestal; Setor sucroenergético; Social-environmental certification; Biofuel; Forest certification; Sugar cane industry; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::RECURSOS FLORESTAIS E ENGENHARIA FLORESTAL::CONSERVACAO DA NATUREZA

This study s objective is to contribute to development of social and environmental guidelines for certification of sugar cane suppliers based on forestry sector experience. Certification systems for sugar cane are being developed to demonstrate best practices in production of sugar and ethanol. The food and ethanol and industries are primarily responsible for involving sugar cane mills in socioenvironmental certification processes. To ensure growth of certification in sugar cane production, mills will have to include sugar cane suppliers in the certification process. However, neither mills nor certification systems for sugar cane have prior experience in certifying production that would include suppliers. In addition, certification systems do not allow independent producers or organized groups to obtain certificates. So the challenge for mills is how to include sugar cane suppliers in the certification process. Studying the successes and failures of certification in the forestry sector can contribute to the sugarcane industry s learning process. In Brazil, these two sectors have similar situations in terms of the following social and environmental requirements: guarantee of workers rights; non-conversion of high conservation value areas to other land uses; protection of biodiversity; compliance with environmental legislation; respect for rights to own and use land. To achieve the objectives of the study, information was collected through analysis of forest certification reports, by review of magazines, journals and other publications related to both the forestry sector and the sugar cane industries, and during field audits within these sectors during the period 2009-2011. A parallel was drawn between the forestry sector and the sugarcane industry that has allowed a comparative analysis of their socioeconomic contexts. Similarities and differences between the principles of social and environmental certification of forestry and sugar cane are discussed. The most frequent deviations of the silviculture sector in certifying forest management have been analyzed because of their likeliness to also occur with sugar cane, given the similarity of evaluation criteria. Variables that explain the dynamics of inclusion of suppliers are identified. Actions are proposed to include suppliers of sugar cane in the certification process. The model developed in this study allows demonstration of the dynamics that would involve sugar cane suppliers in the overall mill process of adopting sustainability and meeting certification requirements. The mills are the first link in the sugar and ethanol supply chain. To obtain certification, the mills must include suppliers in the process. The mechanisms of supplier inclusion and choice of investments are variables likely to be influenced by mills that endeavor to increase certification. Analysis of forest plantations reports in Brazil indicates that deviations are centered on the following requirements: P1 - legislation compliance (9% of total deviations); P4 - respect for the rights of workers and local communities (38%); and P6 - environmental impact assessment (20%). Given that these requirements are also found in sugar cane certification standards, they are likely to be important also for mills. They can be considered as areas of potential weakness for the certification of sugar cane plantations, both in mill-owned areas and supplier landholdings.