Widow spiders in the New World: a review on Latrodectus Walckenaer, 1805 (Theridiidae) and latrodectism in the Americas

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Caruso,Marjolly Brigido
Data de Publicação: 2021
Outros Autores: Lauria,Pedro Santana Sales, Souza,Claudio Maurício Vieira de, Casais-e-Silva,Luciana Lyra, Zingali,Russolina Benedeta
Tipo de documento: Artigo
Idioma: eng
Título da fonte: The Journal of venomous animals and toxins including tropical diseases (Online)
Texto Completo: http://old.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992021000100213
Resumo: Abstract Humankind has always been fascinated by venomous animals, as their toxic substances have transformed them into symbols of power and mystery. Over the centuries, researchers have been trying to understand animal venoms, unveiling intricate mixtures of molecules and their biological effects. Among venomous animals, Latrodectus Walckenaer, 1805 (widow spiders) have become feared in many cultures worldwide due to their extremely neurotoxic venom. The Latrodectus genus encompasses 32 species broadly spread around the globe, 14 of which occur in the Americas. Despite the high number of species found in the New World, the knowledge on these spiders is still scarce. This review covers the general knowledge on Latrodectus spp. from the Americas. We address widow spiders’ taxonomy; geographical distribution and epidemiology; symptoms and treatments of envenomation (latrodectism); venom collection, experimental studies, proteome and transcriptome; and biotechnological studies on these Latrodectus spp. Moreover, we discuss the main challenges and limitations faced by researchers when trying to comprehend this neglected group of medically important spiders. We expect this review to help overcome the lack of information regarding widow spiders in the New World.
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spelling Widow spiders in the New World: a review on Latrodectus Walckenaer, 1805 (Theridiidae) and latrodectism in the AmericasLatrodectusLatrodectismWidow spidersSpider venomAmericasAbstract Humankind has always been fascinated by venomous animals, as their toxic substances have transformed them into symbols of power and mystery. Over the centuries, researchers have been trying to understand animal venoms, unveiling intricate mixtures of molecules and their biological effects. Among venomous animals, Latrodectus Walckenaer, 1805 (widow spiders) have become feared in many cultures worldwide due to their extremely neurotoxic venom. The Latrodectus genus encompasses 32 species broadly spread around the globe, 14 of which occur in the Americas. Despite the high number of species found in the New World, the knowledge on these spiders is still scarce. This review covers the general knowledge on Latrodectus spp. from the Americas. We address widow spiders’ taxonomy; geographical distribution and epidemiology; symptoms and treatments of envenomation (latrodectism); venom collection, experimental studies, proteome and transcriptome; and biotechnological studies on these Latrodectus spp. Moreover, we discuss the main challenges and limitations faced by researchers when trying to comprehend this neglected group of medically important spiders. We expect this review to help overcome the lack of information regarding widow spiders in the New World.Centro de Estudos de Venenos e Animais Peçonhentos (CEVAP/UNESP)2021-01-01info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersiontext/htmlhttp://old.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992021000100213Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases v.27 2021reponame:The Journal of venomous animals and toxins including tropical diseases (Online)instname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)instacron:UNESP10.1590/1678-9199-jvatitd-2021-0011info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessCaruso,Marjolly BrigidoLauria,Pedro Santana SalesSouza,Claudio Maurício Vieira deCasais-e-Silva,Luciana LyraZingali,Russolina Benedetaeng2021-10-27T00:00:00Zoai:scielo:S1678-91992021000100213Revistahttp://www.scielo.br/jvatitdPUBhttps://old.scielo.br/oai/scielo-oai.php||editorial@jvat.org.br1678-91991678-9180opendoar:2021-10-27T00:00The Journal of venomous animals and toxins including tropical diseases (Online) - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)false
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Widow spiders in the New World: a review on Latrodectus Walckenaer, 1805 (Theridiidae) and latrodectism in the Americas
title Widow spiders in the New World: a review on Latrodectus Walckenaer, 1805 (Theridiidae) and latrodectism in the Americas
spellingShingle Widow spiders in the New World: a review on Latrodectus Walckenaer, 1805 (Theridiidae) and latrodectism in the Americas
Caruso,Marjolly Brigido
Latrodectus
Latrodectism
Widow spiders
Spider venom
Americas
title_short Widow spiders in the New World: a review on Latrodectus Walckenaer, 1805 (Theridiidae) and latrodectism in the Americas
title_full Widow spiders in the New World: a review on Latrodectus Walckenaer, 1805 (Theridiidae) and latrodectism in the Americas
title_fullStr Widow spiders in the New World: a review on Latrodectus Walckenaer, 1805 (Theridiidae) and latrodectism in the Americas
title_full_unstemmed Widow spiders in the New World: a review on Latrodectus Walckenaer, 1805 (Theridiidae) and latrodectism in the Americas
title_sort Widow spiders in the New World: a review on Latrodectus Walckenaer, 1805 (Theridiidae) and latrodectism in the Americas
author Caruso,Marjolly Brigido
author_facet Caruso,Marjolly Brigido
Lauria,Pedro Santana Sales
Souza,Claudio Maurício Vieira de
Casais-e-Silva,Luciana Lyra
Zingali,Russolina Benedeta
author_role author
author2 Lauria,Pedro Santana Sales
Souza,Claudio Maurício Vieira de
Casais-e-Silva,Luciana Lyra
Zingali,Russolina Benedeta
author2_role author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Caruso,Marjolly Brigido
Lauria,Pedro Santana Sales
Souza,Claudio Maurício Vieira de
Casais-e-Silva,Luciana Lyra
Zingali,Russolina Benedeta
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv Latrodectus
Latrodectism
Widow spiders
Spider venom
Americas
topic Latrodectus
Latrodectism
Widow spiders
Spider venom
Americas
description Abstract Humankind has always been fascinated by venomous animals, as their toxic substances have transformed them into symbols of power and mystery. Over the centuries, researchers have been trying to understand animal venoms, unveiling intricate mixtures of molecules and their biological effects. Among venomous animals, Latrodectus Walckenaer, 1805 (widow spiders) have become feared in many cultures worldwide due to their extremely neurotoxic venom. The Latrodectus genus encompasses 32 species broadly spread around the globe, 14 of which occur in the Americas. Despite the high number of species found in the New World, the knowledge on these spiders is still scarce. This review covers the general knowledge on Latrodectus spp. from the Americas. We address widow spiders’ taxonomy; geographical distribution and epidemiology; symptoms and treatments of envenomation (latrodectism); venom collection, experimental studies, proteome and transcriptome; and biotechnological studies on these Latrodectus spp. Moreover, we discuss the main challenges and limitations faced by researchers when trying to comprehend this neglected group of medically important spiders. We expect this review to help overcome the lack of information regarding widow spiders in the New World.
publishDate 2021
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2021-01-01
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv http://old.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992021000100213
url http://old.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992021000100213
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv 10.1590/1678-9199-jvatitd-2021-0011
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv text/html
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Centro de Estudos de Venenos e Animais Peçonhentos (CEVAP/UNESP)
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Centro de Estudos de Venenos e Animais Peçonhentos (CEVAP/UNESP)
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases v.27 2021
reponame:The Journal of venomous animals and toxins including tropical diseases (Online)
instname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
instacron:UNESP
instname_str Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
instacron_str UNESP
institution UNESP
reponame_str The Journal of venomous animals and toxins including tropical diseases (Online)
collection The Journal of venomous animals and toxins including tropical diseases (Online)
repository.name.fl_str_mv The Journal of venomous animals and toxins including tropical diseases (Online) - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
repository.mail.fl_str_mv ||editorial@jvat.org.br
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