Widow spiders in the New World: a review on Latrodectus Walckenaer, 1805 (Theridiidae) and latrodectism in the Americas
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2021 |
Outros Autores: | , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | The Journal of venomous animals and toxins including tropical diseases (Online) |
Texto Completo: | http://old.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992021000100213 |
Resumo: | Abstract Humankind has always been fascinated by venomous animals, as their toxic substances have transformed them into symbols of power and mystery. Over the centuries, researchers have been trying to understand animal venoms, unveiling intricate mixtures of molecules and their biological effects. Among venomous animals, Latrodectus Walckenaer, 1805 (widow spiders) have become feared in many cultures worldwide due to their extremely neurotoxic venom. The Latrodectus genus encompasses 32 species broadly spread around the globe, 14 of which occur in the Americas. Despite the high number of species found in the New World, the knowledge on these spiders is still scarce. This review covers the general knowledge on Latrodectus spp. from the Americas. We address widow spiders’ taxonomy; geographical distribution and epidemiology; symptoms and treatments of envenomation (latrodectism); venom collection, experimental studies, proteome and transcriptome; and biotechnological studies on these Latrodectus spp. Moreover, we discuss the main challenges and limitations faced by researchers when trying to comprehend this neglected group of medically important spiders. We expect this review to help overcome the lack of information regarding widow spiders in the New World. |
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The Journal of venomous animals and toxins including tropical diseases (Online) |
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Widow spiders in the New World: a review on Latrodectus Walckenaer, 1805 (Theridiidae) and latrodectism in the AmericasLatrodectusLatrodectismWidow spidersSpider venomAmericasAbstract Humankind has always been fascinated by venomous animals, as their toxic substances have transformed them into symbols of power and mystery. Over the centuries, researchers have been trying to understand animal venoms, unveiling intricate mixtures of molecules and their biological effects. Among venomous animals, Latrodectus Walckenaer, 1805 (widow spiders) have become feared in many cultures worldwide due to their extremely neurotoxic venom. The Latrodectus genus encompasses 32 species broadly spread around the globe, 14 of which occur in the Americas. Despite the high number of species found in the New World, the knowledge on these spiders is still scarce. This review covers the general knowledge on Latrodectus spp. from the Americas. We address widow spiders’ taxonomy; geographical distribution and epidemiology; symptoms and treatments of envenomation (latrodectism); venom collection, experimental studies, proteome and transcriptome; and biotechnological studies on these Latrodectus spp. Moreover, we discuss the main challenges and limitations faced by researchers when trying to comprehend this neglected group of medically important spiders. We expect this review to help overcome the lack of information regarding widow spiders in the New World.Centro de Estudos de Venenos e Animais Peçonhentos (CEVAP/UNESP)2021-01-01info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersiontext/htmlhttp://old.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992021000100213Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases v.27 2021reponame:The Journal of venomous animals and toxins including tropical diseases (Online)instname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)instacron:UNESP10.1590/1678-9199-jvatitd-2021-0011info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessCaruso,Marjolly BrigidoLauria,Pedro Santana SalesSouza,Claudio Maurício Vieira deCasais-e-Silva,Luciana LyraZingali,Russolina Benedetaeng2021-10-27T00:00:00Zoai:scielo:S1678-91992021000100213Revistahttp://www.scielo.br/jvatitdPUBhttps://old.scielo.br/oai/scielo-oai.php||editorial@jvat.org.br1678-91991678-9180opendoar:2021-10-27T00:00The Journal of venomous animals and toxins including tropical diseases (Online) - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Widow spiders in the New World: a review on Latrodectus Walckenaer, 1805 (Theridiidae) and latrodectism in the Americas |
title |
Widow spiders in the New World: a review on Latrodectus Walckenaer, 1805 (Theridiidae) and latrodectism in the Americas |
spellingShingle |
Widow spiders in the New World: a review on Latrodectus Walckenaer, 1805 (Theridiidae) and latrodectism in the Americas Caruso,Marjolly Brigido Latrodectus Latrodectism Widow spiders Spider venom Americas |
title_short |
Widow spiders in the New World: a review on Latrodectus Walckenaer, 1805 (Theridiidae) and latrodectism in the Americas |
title_full |
Widow spiders in the New World: a review on Latrodectus Walckenaer, 1805 (Theridiidae) and latrodectism in the Americas |
title_fullStr |
Widow spiders in the New World: a review on Latrodectus Walckenaer, 1805 (Theridiidae) and latrodectism in the Americas |
title_full_unstemmed |
Widow spiders in the New World: a review on Latrodectus Walckenaer, 1805 (Theridiidae) and latrodectism in the Americas |
title_sort |
Widow spiders in the New World: a review on Latrodectus Walckenaer, 1805 (Theridiidae) and latrodectism in the Americas |
author |
Caruso,Marjolly Brigido |
author_facet |
Caruso,Marjolly Brigido Lauria,Pedro Santana Sales Souza,Claudio Maurício Vieira de Casais-e-Silva,Luciana Lyra Zingali,Russolina Benedeta |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Lauria,Pedro Santana Sales Souza,Claudio Maurício Vieira de Casais-e-Silva,Luciana Lyra Zingali,Russolina Benedeta |
author2_role |
author author author author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Caruso,Marjolly Brigido Lauria,Pedro Santana Sales Souza,Claudio Maurício Vieira de Casais-e-Silva,Luciana Lyra Zingali,Russolina Benedeta |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Latrodectus Latrodectism Widow spiders Spider venom Americas |
topic |
Latrodectus Latrodectism Widow spiders Spider venom Americas |
description |
Abstract Humankind has always been fascinated by venomous animals, as their toxic substances have transformed them into symbols of power and mystery. Over the centuries, researchers have been trying to understand animal venoms, unveiling intricate mixtures of molecules and their biological effects. Among venomous animals, Latrodectus Walckenaer, 1805 (widow spiders) have become feared in many cultures worldwide due to their extremely neurotoxic venom. The Latrodectus genus encompasses 32 species broadly spread around the globe, 14 of which occur in the Americas. Despite the high number of species found in the New World, the knowledge on these spiders is still scarce. This review covers the general knowledge on Latrodectus spp. from the Americas. We address widow spiders’ taxonomy; geographical distribution and epidemiology; symptoms and treatments of envenomation (latrodectism); venom collection, experimental studies, proteome and transcriptome; and biotechnological studies on these Latrodectus spp. Moreover, we discuss the main challenges and limitations faced by researchers when trying to comprehend this neglected group of medically important spiders. We expect this review to help overcome the lack of information regarding widow spiders in the New World. |
publishDate |
2021 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2021-01-01 |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://old.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992021000100213 |
url |
http://old.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992021000100213 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
10.1590/1678-9199-jvatitd-2021-0011 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
text/html |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Centro de Estudos de Venenos e Animais Peçonhentos (CEVAP/UNESP) |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Centro de Estudos de Venenos e Animais Peçonhentos (CEVAP/UNESP) |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases v.27 2021 reponame:The Journal of venomous animals and toxins including tropical diseases (Online) instname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) instacron:UNESP |
instname_str |
Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) |
instacron_str |
UNESP |
institution |
UNESP |
reponame_str |
The Journal of venomous animals and toxins including tropical diseases (Online) |
collection |
The Journal of venomous animals and toxins including tropical diseases (Online) |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
The Journal of venomous animals and toxins including tropical diseases (Online) - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
||editorial@jvat.org.br |
_version_ |
1748958541016727552 |