Dynamics of land use and occupation in the hydrographic basin of Fruteiras river, State of Espírito Santo, Brazil

• Autor(a) principal: Fiorese, Caio Henrique Ungarato
• Data de Publicação: 2021
• Tipo de documento: Artigo
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Labor & Engenho (Online)
• Texto Completo: https://periodicos.sbu.unicamp.br/ojs/index.php/labore/article/view/8659875
• topic: Geoprocessamento; Impactos ambientais; Mitigação; Monitoramento ambiental; Planejamento territorial; Geoprocessing; Environmental Impacts; Mitigation; Environmental monitoring; Territorial Planning; Geoprocessamento; Mitigação; Impactos ambientais; Monitoramento ambiental; Planejamento territorial

Land use and occupation studies are extremely important in mitigating and mitigating negative environmental impacts on the soil surface. The objective of this work was to evaluate the use and occupation of land in the hydrographic basin of the Rio Fruteiras, in the rural area of the southern mesoregion of the State of Espírito Santo, as a way to subsidize improvements in territorial and environmental planning combined with economic growth. The procedures were performed in the ArcGIS® program, considering a set of geographic data. The basin was delimited so that features of use and occupation could be acquired about two mappings: the first, in the years 2007-2008; and the second, from 2012 to 2015. The features were edited so that the classes of use and occupation were identified, quantified and mapped, allowing quantitative and spatial analyzes of the main classes. Native vegetation presented the highest percentages. This means that these areas are capable of providing many ecosystem services. The high presence of coffee and livestock indicate the need for correct management. The eucalyptus forestry, although in still low percentages, was the class that had the greatest area growth, justified by the preference for this activity over agriculture. Macega also represented significant values, indicating a problem with land planning, as these areas could be better used. Such a problem was also evidenced in the mapping, as the native vegetation was partially fragmented and the presence of macaques was seen alongside the native vegetation. The studied basin has problems regarding the planning of its lands and the growth of eucalyptus requires special attention because it causes positive and negative impacts. The correct performance of the hydrographic basin committees, public managers and rural producers is relevant, in order to have an adequate environmental planning associated with the correct execution of human activities.